2026-04-17T13:37:55Z http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/oai

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/2 2024-12-06T17:06:57Z jidhealth:ART driver

Impact of training on practical skills of Iraqi health providers towards integrated management of neonate and child health - a multicentre cross- sectional study Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed IMNCH, Child, healthcare provider, practice, Tikrit, Iraq Background: This study aims to assess the mandatory practical skills of caregivers towards the implementation of the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) strategy in primary health care (PHC) centers of Salah al-Din governorate in Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from January to May 2014. An equal sample of 42 trained and 42 non-trained caregivers who are working in 20 PHC centers in Tikrit city and other districts of Salah al-Din governorate of Iraq were included. The study tool was a semi-structured questionnaire with 20 questions covering different required practical skills that caregivers should have. The total score was 100 and in a range of 4- 6 points for each question. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the means of numerical variables. Results: The mean age of total respondents were (33.18 ± 5.82Years), and the vast majority (63, 75.0%) were females. More than two-third (58, 69.0%) were paramedical compared to 26 (31.0%), who were doctors. Trained caregivers had statistically significant better practice (73.48 ± 13.46) compared to non- trained caregivers (63.95 ± 17.44). Trained doctors had statistically significant better practice (88.15 ± 2.70) compared to trained paramedical staff (66.90 ± 10.84). Trained caregivers from Tikrit city had statistically significantly better practice (80.26 ± 7.38) compared to trained caregivers from districts (67.89± 14.85). The highest proportion (97.5%) of trained caregivers felt the child for fever or body hotness appropriately, and the lowest proportion (59.5%) of them recorded age, height, and weight correctly. Conclusion: This study showed that training has a positive influence on the implementation of IMNCI interventions. IMNCI-trained caregivers were more likely to correctly classify illnesses than non-trained caregivers. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-05-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/2 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss1.2 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018); 1-6 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/2/23 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/3 2024-12-06T17:06:57Z jidhealth:ART driver

Syrian mothers, why to accept or to refuse HPV vaccine for their teen girls Al Saad, Mohammed Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Cervical Cancer, Vaccine, Aleppo, Syria Background: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks the eighth most frequent cancer among Syrian women with crude incidence rates 1.4 per 100, 000 populations per year. This study aimed to test the acceptance of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among mothers of schoolgirls in sixth-grade class. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through a structured and self-administrated questionnaire. A total of 400 Syrian mothers of schoolgirls were selected randomly by the cluster sampling method in Aleppo city, Syria, in 2011. Significant variables from univariate analysis were included in an enter technique multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The response rate was 86%. If the vaccine was free, 282 (81.7%) mothers would accept the vaccine for themselves and 236 (68.4%) for their daughters, respectively. However, the acceptance rate grossly decreased to 24.6% and 15.1%, respectively, if the vaccine was not provided free. The high cost of the HPV vaccine and lack of knowledge were the significant barriers for mothers' acceptance of the HPV vaccine. Protection of daughters and the trust with health authority were the main encouraging reasons to accept the HPV vaccine. Findings from logistic regression analysis revealed that the employed mothers (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3–4.4), with a positive history of gynecological examination (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.6–2.9) and having sound knowledge (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.0–5.7) are independent factors related to the acceptance of the HPV vaccine for their daughters. Conclusion: The results from this study suggest that mothers from different cultural backgrounds, including Syrian mothers, are holding different beliefs on privacy and health that may affect their willingness to accept the HPV vaccine. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-05-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/3 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss1.3 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018); 7-13 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/3/21 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/4 2024-12-06T17:06:57Z jidhealth:ART driver

Impact of conflict related and workplace related violence on job satisfaction among physicians from Iraq - a descriptive cross-sectional multicentre study Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Torun, Perihan Dastan, Ilker Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Physicians, Conflict, Violence, Job Satisfaction, Iraq Background: During the last decade, the events of violence against healthcare providers have been escalated, especially in the areas of conflicts. This study aimed to test the impact of conflict-related and workplace-related violence on job satisfaction among Iraqi physicians. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a self-administered survey was conducted among medical doctors in Iraq from January to June 2014. Participants (n=535, 81.1% response rate) were selected at random from 20 large general and district hospitals using a multistage sampling technique. Results: The mean (+SD) value on the total job satisfaction score was 42.26 (+14.63). The majority of respondents (67.3%) experienced unsafe medical practice; however, the conflict- related violence showed no significant difference in job satisfaction scores. In backward regression analysis, two socio-demographic variables (age, gender), and three work-related variables (being a specialist, working less than 40 hours per week, working in both government and private sector) were positively related to job satisfaction, while the workplace violence variables were negatively related. It was found that increases in physical attack, verbal abuse, bullying, and racial harassment brought about decreases in job satisfaction scores of 6,087, 3.014, 9,107, and 4,242, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest that work-related variables and workplace violence do affect job satisfaction. Specifically, when physicians have been physically attacked, verbally abused, bullied, and racially harassed, their job satisfaction decreases significantly. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-05-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/4 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss1.4 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018); 14-22 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/4/24 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/5 2024-12-06T17:06:57Z jidhealth:ART driver

Iraqi medical students are still planning to leave after graduation Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Intention of migration, medical students, conflict, Anbar, Fallujah, Iraq Background: Medical students constitute the backbone of the future human resource for health, and therefore, as much as attention should be given to secure a high level of education, it should also be given to understand their wishes to leave or to stay at home country. This study aimed to find out the prominent factors associated with Iraqi medical students' planning to leave their country after graduation. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among clinical medical students (fourth, fifth, and sixth classes) of two medical colleges (the University of Anbar and University of Fallujah) in Anbar Governorate from 1st to 14th March 2018. A total of 183 students (Response Rate: 72,6%.) completed a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 15 close-ended questions related to the socio-demographic factors, economic characteristics, and some other factors inspired from Iraq's situation. Moreover, one open-ended question was designed to explore the main reasons for migration from the student's point of view. Results: Although 109 students (60%) felt that serving their citizens and country is a priority, however, the vast majority of 133 (73%) of the surveyed students had a plan to leave Iraq. About two thirds (69 %) of students intended to migrate as soon as they manage to: obtain their graduation certificate (49%); have enough money (34%), and the remaining 18% when they get parents’ permission. Conclusion: Our results suggest that living environments and work-related variables are significantly associated with medical students' intention of migration; however, social reasons and inspiring academic achievement were the main factors triggering students to leave Iraq. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/5 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss1.5 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018); 23-28 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/5/25

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/6 2021-07-13T06:49:02Z jidhealth:ART driver

Predictors of emotional exhaustion among physicians from Iraq - a descriptive cross-sectional multicentre study Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Dastan, Ilker Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Torun, Perihan Emotional exhaustion, burnout, workplace, doctors, job satisfaction, conflict, Iraq Background: Doctors and paramedics in countries suffering from long-acting conflicts, including Iraq, are working in severe and exceptional conditions, putting them under severe physical and psychological pressure, therefore examining burnout is important when dealing with the quality of care and working conditions. This study aimed to assess the point prevalence and to explore factors associated with emotional exhaustion (EE) among medical doctors in Iraq. Methods: Descriptive and a cross-sectional study was conducted (January to June 2014) among a randomly selected sample of medical doctors (n=576, 87.3% response rate) working in twenty large general hospitals and medical centers. In addition to EE, the self-administered questionnaire used was consisting of questions on sociodemographic, work-related characteristics, conflict-related variables, and job satisfaction. EE was measured using the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: The prevalence of EE reported by 60.0% of the respondents. In multiple linear regression analysis, the emotional burnout was higher among doctors who were married, female, bearing children, being threatened, displaced internally, non-specialist doctors, working more than 40 hours per week, experienced unsafe medical practice, disagreed with the way manager handle the staff and those who reported that the doctor-patient relationship as not excellent.  Conclusion: Our findings suggest that job dissatisfaction, conflict, and violence-related factors were significantly associated with a high level of emotional exhaustion among Iraqi physicians. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-12-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/6 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss2.6 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018); 42-49 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/6/29 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/7 2024-12-06T17:06:57Z jidhealth:ART driver

Upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media are clinically and microbiologically associated Hassooni, Hanan Raheem Fadhil, Samih Faiq Hameed, Raed M. Alhusseiny, Adil Hassan Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Acute otitis media, chronic otitis media, otitis media with effusion, URTI, Baquba, Diyala, Iraq Background: Although significant improvement has been achieved in terms of antibiotic care, otitis media (OM) continues to be a worldwide health problem that may develop serious complications. This study aimed to detect the growth of organisms and to find out the most susceptible factors related to OM among the Iraqi population. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the out-patient department (OPD) of Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) at the Baquba teaching hospital at the Faculty of medicine, Diyala University from November 2017 to March 2018. A total of 300 ear samples collected from 87 (29.0%) patients of acute otitis media (AOM), 104 (34.7%) patients of otitis media with effusion (OME), and 109 (36.3%) patients of chronic otitis media (COM). Standard microbiological procedures were recruited to investigate the samples using aerobic and anaerobic culture methods. Results: The highest incidence of OM 218 (72.7%) was observed among the age group of fewer than ten years old. The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (25.0%), Proteus spp. (24.0%), Escherichia coli (7.0%), Streptococcus pneumonia (6.0%), Klebsiella pneumonia (2.0%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (1.0%). It was found that upper respiratory infection (URTI), adenoid inflammation with (URTI), adenoid inflammation, the practices of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the accident or trauma are the main factors related to OM in about (42.0%), (31.0%), (11.0%), (10.0%) and (6.0%) of cases respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that OM was effectively related to URTI and adenoid inflammation with (URTI) in about 73.0% of cases. More attention should be given to early diagnosis and treatment of URTI before progressing to undesirable OM. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-07-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/7 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss1.7 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018); 29-33 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/7/26 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/8 2021-07-13T06:49:02Z jidhealth:ART driver

Medical students carry more virulent microorganisms at their throat than that of patients' accompaniers Hassooni, Hanan Raheem Farhan, Abbas Aboud Jasim, Hameed M. Alhusseiny, Adil Hassan Medical students, patients’ accompaniers, throat, normal flora, Baquba, Diyala, Iraq Background: Transition of medical students from a non-clinical to a clinical situation carries a considerable risk that needs further investigation. This study aims to detect and compare the throat bacterial colonization between medical students and patients' accompaniers in a tertiary hospital. Methods: Across-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of the Baquba Teaching Hospital at the Faculty of Medicine, Diyala University, Iraq.  A total of 120 throat swabs collected from a sample of 70 medical students (fifth stage) and 50 volunteers as a control group who were selected conveniently during their outpatient visits over September 2018. Aerobic and anaerobic culture methods were recruited to investigate the samples following the standard microbiological procedures. Results: Finding of this study indicate a high rate of bacterial throat colonization among medical students compared to the control group. Male gender showed high susceptibility for infection than females. The most common bacteria isolated among medical students were Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli 26 (37.1%), followed by Streptococcus pneumonia appeared in 23 samples (32.8%), Viridians streptococci 19 (27.1%), Acinetobacter spp.14 (20%), Enterobacter spp. 4 (5.7%), Candida spp. 3 (4.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (2.8%) respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that medical students may contribute significantly to the transmission and dissemination of nosocomial pathogens among patients and vice versa. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-12-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/8 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss2.8 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018); 50-55 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/8/30 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/9 2020-07-23T00:31:17Z jidhealth:ART driver

Simultaneous versus two stage surgical treatment of developmental dislocation of the hip with excessive femoral anteversion in children under the age of three years Mansoor, Ahmed Kanaan Kraidi, Baqer Al-Naser, Luay M. DDH, femoral anteversion, open reduction, proximal derotation femoral osteotomy, two stage, Iraq Background: Delayed diagnosis and improper treated cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in the presence of excessive anteversion of femoral head may lead to undesirable consequences, including more extensive interventions with severe complications and functional disability. This study aimed to compare the clinical, radiological, and complication outcomes of simultaneously versus two-stage surgical procedures (open reduction and proximal femoral derotation osteotomy) in the treatment of DDH with excessive femoral anteversion among a sample of Iraqi children aged less than three years old.  Methods: A total of 26 DDH cases were treated in two groups (GI, GII) at Al-Wasity Teaching Hospital (Baghdad, Iraq) from January 2014 to March 2015. GI (15 hips) in 13 patients subjected to simultaneous open reduction (with/without salter osteotomy) and proximal femoral derotation osteotomy. GII (18 hips) in 13 patients operated in two stages procedure; open reduction (with/without salter osteotomy) followed by proximal femoral derotation osteotomy six weeks later.  Results: At the time of operation, the average age was 21.79±3.51months (range: 18-30). The mean follow-up period was 10.36 ±1.45 months (range, 8 -12). Statistically, the postoperative clinical, radiological, and complication findings were not significantly different between the two groups. However, in post-operative clinical assessment (McKay's criteria), the satisfying results (excellent and good) were 93% in GI and 88% in GII, respectively. Moreover, in radiological assessment (Severins classification), the satisfying results (excellent and good) were 94% in GI and 83% in GII, respectively. Two cases of re-dislocation and avascular necrosis (AVN) were reported in GII. Conclusion: When the clinical and radiological findings of one and two-stage open reduction and proximal femoral derotation osteotomy procedures are similar, the one-stage is more likely to overcome the two-stage in terms of minimizing the cost, length of stay and the risk of AVN of the femoral head. Journal of Ideas in Health 2018-11-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/9 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol1.Iss2.9 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018); 34-41 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/9/27 Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/11 2021-07-13T06:49:01Z jidhealth:ART driver

Predictive factors of successful extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for renal stones: evidence of retrospective study Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Abdullah, Ayad Aziz Mahmood, Anmar Shukur Abd Al-wahaab, Wassan Nasrat ESWL, Renal stone, NCCT, Hounsfield Unit, Baquba, Diyala, Iraq Background: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) has proved to be effective in treating ureterolithiasis. This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors related to success ESWL among patient presented with renal stone. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 40 patients who underwent ESWL at the urology department, Baquba Teaching Hospital, Diyala University, Iraq. Data was collected between1st October 2018 and 31st January 2019 for renal stones diagnosed by non-enhanced spiral computed tomography (NCCT). The success rate defined as no stone or the remnant stones < 4 mm. We analyzed predictive factors by using multiple linear regression. Results: The success rates ranged from 50-90%. In the univariate analysis, body mass index (BMI), skin-to-stone distance (SSD)and the renal stone-attenuation value (in Hounsfield units, HU) were found to be significantly correlated with the outcome of ESWL (p<0.05). However, in the multiple linear regression, only the HU (B = -0.619, P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.03 to 0.07) was theindependent predictive factor. Conclusion: Hounsfield Unit is an independent predictive factor influencing the success of ESWL for treating renal stones. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/11 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss1.11 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019); 60-64 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/11/33 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/12 2021-07-13T06:49:00Z jidhealth:ART driver

Workplace violence against medical students- A Turkish perspective Ince, Alperen Torun, Perihan Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Workplace, Violence, Student, Medical, Private, Hospital, BVU, Istanbul, Turkey Background: Workplace violence against healthcare providers including the medical students being an important issue all over the world. The aim of this study is to survey the medical students about exposure to workplace violence (WPV) while they are doing their medical training in private tertiary hospitals. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among all medical students (4th, 5th, and 6th class) attending a teaching hospital at Bezmialem Vakif University (BVU), Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 150 students in the 2017-2018 academic year were recruited in this study. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire through a face to face interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Results: About one-third of the surveyed students (54, 36.0%) exposed to violence and 71.3% of them witnessed incidents of violence against healthcare providers at the workplace. The prevalence of physical violence and verbal abuse among medical students was reported at 5.5% and 92.6% respectively. About 81.5% were females compared to 18.5% of their counterparts. Patients (38.9%) and their relatives (61.1%) were the main sources of the violence respectively. More than half (57.0%) of students exposed to violence at outpatient services and 25.9% at the emergency room and 16.7% at inpatient wards. Few of them (22, 14.7%) thought that they will get support if they make a complaint. Conclusion: Being a medical student and has direct contact with patients and their relative is not always safe practice. Our results suggested a high prevalence of verbal and physical abuse against medical students. Health sector authorities should adopt a restrictive and clear strategy to protect medical students and other healthcare providers. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-06-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/12 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss1.12 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019); 70-74 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/12/41 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/15 2021-07-13T06:49:00Z jidhealth:ART driver

Assessment of malnutrition among the internally - displaced old age people in the Tikrit City, Iraq Ibrahim, Nisreen M Khalil, Nawar Sahib Tawfeeq, Ruqaya Subhi Malnutrition, Old Age, Mini-Nutritional Assessment, Internally Displaced, Tikrit, Iraq Background: With the steady increase in the number of old age people, the prevalence of chronic diseases, and the health expenditures, the importance of preventing malnutrition is becoming more critical than ever. This study aimed to assess malnutrition among the internally- displaced old age people in Iraq. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between November 2016 and March 2017 at the Dream city camp for the internally - displaced persons in Tikrit city, Iraq. Data was collected using the valid (Arabic) version of the mini - nutritional assessment (MNA) questionnaire. The internally displaced persons (IDPs) interviewed, and the nutritional status assessed via the MNA, body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumferences (MAC) and calf circumferences (CC) measures. Results: A total of 142 eligible old age persons, of which 40.2% were malnourished, and 35.2% were at risk of malnutrition. Among those with malnutrition, 40% were males, and 60% were females. Concerning comorbidity, 80% with positive malnutrition, had chronic diseases. DM reported a higher prevalence (46.5%) compared to other chronic diseases. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition was high among the old age people resident at the displacement camp in Iraq. Both the deteriorating security situation and the lack of proper services have combined to exacerbate the nutritional status of older persons in displacement camps. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-05-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/15 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss1.15 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019); 65-69 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/15/36 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/16 2021-07-13T06:49:01Z jidhealth:ART driver

The impact of displacement on the social, economic and health situation on a sample of internally displaced families in Anbar Province, Iraq Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Sarhan, Yaseen Taha Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-Taha, Mahasin Ali AL- Any, Ban Nadhum Soofi, Ahmed Khalaf Yahyaa, Badeaa Thamer Al-Rawi, Ru’ya Abdulhadi internal displacement, families, household, conflict, mental health, Anbar, Iraq Background: Internally displaced people in Iraq are still suffering because the solutions were not radical. This study aims to assess the impact of displacement on the socio-economic, well-being, and mental health status of internally displaced families in Anbar province, Iraq. Methods:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 3rd to 17th April 2017. Data was collected using a universal sampling technique. A total of 355 households interviewed with a modified questionnaire consisting of 26 close-ended questions related to the socio-economic, demographic, wellbeing, and mental health characteristics. Results: At the time of the study, about 55.5% of the surveyed displaced families have not returned home yet. Big families of more than seven members (59.4%) and residency in renting houses (82.8%) are two variables that may contribute to an economic burden. Mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety spread among 62.3% of surveyed families. Significant rise in chronic diseases from 64 (18.0%) cases before displacement to 102 cases (28.7%) after displacement. Few of them (21.6%) were able to access public health services. People who experienced violence are verbally abused at 52.1%. Lack of services (50.3%), the inability to repair the destroyed houses (26.4%), and the loss of houses due to complete destruction (23.3%) were the significant factors that inhibited families to return home back. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the need for urgent and strategic plans to improve the quality of logistics, health, and infrastructure services to motivate the displaced families to return back to their homes. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-05-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/16 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss1.16 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019); 56-59 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/16/34 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/17 2021-07-13T06:48:55Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers about complementary feeding for infants aged 6-12 months in Anbar Province, Iraq Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-Rawi, Ru’ya Abdulhadi Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Complementary feeding, Exclusive breastfeeding, Maternal Knowledge and attitudes, Anbar, Iraq. Background: The understanding of what mothers think about breastfeeding helps in developing successful breastfeeding promotion programs. This study aims to assess the maternal knowledge, attitude, and practice about the complementary feeding for infants aged 6-12 months. Methods: A cross-sectional study designed to interview 219 mothers with children between 6-12 months. Data was collected between 1st March and 30th April 2019 from ten maternal and child health clinics (MCHCs) in Anbar Province, Iraq. SPSS version 16.0 was recruited to analyze the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square used to present data with the significance level set at less than 0.05. Results:  The mean age of respondents was 27.76 ± 6.3 years, and 31% were at the primary school level. Two third (66.82%) of the surveyed mothers exclusively used breastfeeding to feed their infants. Most women (84.09%) have the correct knowledge about the best time to start complementary food. The vast majority of women (93.64%) refused to give vitamins to children even with signs of malnutrition. Conclusion: Although exclusive breastfeeding is common among mothers of the western region in Iraq, there is still a considerable percentage depend on the mixture of breastfeeding and bottle feeding. The positive impact of the family and society on mothers was evident. However, more attention should be given to improve knowledge, attitude, and practice through qualified healthcare providers. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/17 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.17 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 125-129 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/17/55 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/18 2021-07-13T06:49:00Z jidhealth:ART driver

Female doctors are more emotionally exhausted than their male counterparts in Iraq Dastan, Ilker Al-samarraie, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Female, Doctors, Emotional Exhaustion, Gender Differences, Iraq Background: The increasing number of women graduating from medical schools doubles the level of responsibility and increases competition with males. Therefore, the assessment of the emotional exhaustion impact on women has become necessary to avoid over-stress at work. This study aims to assess and discuss the gender differences in nine-item emotional exhaustion (EE) subscale of the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) among a sample of Iraqi physicians.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over the first half of 2014. Data was collected from 576 doctors using a self-administered questionnaire with a multistage sampling technique. An independent sample t-test used to compare the means. Results: More than half of respondents (310, 53.8%) were females with a mean age (±SD) of 40.43 years (±8.59). Female doctors are less affected than males in term of emotional draining from work (p=0.008) and strained by people (p=0.009) respectively. Male doctors are less affected than females in being used up at the end of the week (p<0.001), stressed by working with people (p<0.001), burned out from work (p<0.001) and frustrated by job (p<0.001). However, both male and female doctors are equal in feeling fatigue in the morning (p=0.286), feeling of working too hard (0.284) and of being unable to stand (0.358). Conclusion: This study supports the results of previous studies that female doctors show more empathy when dealing with patients, however, they appeared more prone to burnout and stress. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-06-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/18 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss1.18 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019); 75-79 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/18/43 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/19 2021-07-13T06:48:54Z jidhealth:ART driver

Time to change to improve health: clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care education in Turkey Bektay, Muhammed Yunus Sancar, Mesut Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Izzettin, Fikret Vehbi Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Care, Clinical Pharmacy Education, Patient Oriented Pharmacy, Turkey The practice of clinical pharmacy had a positive impact on the profession by giving pharmacists more job opportunities. Moreover, the pharmacy began to gain the status it deserved, which was lost many years ago. In this paper, we aimed to give a brief explanation of the clinical pharmacy philosophy and definition of pharmaceutical care. What are the general and specific roles of clinical pharmacists in the modern world healthcare system? Also, how to implement clinical pharmacy in education to obtain competent pharmacists. We shared our observation and experience, specifically on the progress of implementation of clinical pharmacy education in Turkey. The stepwise method has been successfully followed in the implementation of clinical pharmacy education in Turkey. In the undergraduate program, the first step taken was the addition of clinical courses, such as the role of clinical pharmacy, patient education, etc. and practical hospital rounds (internal medicine, pediatrics, and surgery). The post-graduate program, such as master (MSc) and doctoral (Ph.D.) degrees, also offered to prepare clinically oriented pharmacy academicians. The continuous education programs were structured to implement clinical pharmacy idea for the pharmacists in practice. In conclusion, the stepwise approach significantly smoothed the transition from the product-oriented to the patient-oriented pharmacy education. Moreover, the adoption of the skills education system to educate pharmacists needs to review the policy regularly and gradually change it accordingly. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/19 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.19 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 130-134 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/19/56 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/20 2021-07-13T06:48:52Z jidhealth:ART driver

Gender differences in the factors influencing the choice of future career among the final stage Turkish medical students Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Dastan, Ilker Jawdat, Ammar Adnan Medical students, Gender, Differences, Future Career, BVU, Istanbul, Turkey Background: Turkey has a marked increase in the proportion of female medical students and graduates doctors compared to males. However, females are still underrepresented in some disciplines and grouped in other branches of medicine. It is essential to regularly assess the medical students' trends toward the specialty and avoid the shortage and maldistribution in some critical specialties. This study aims to investigate the gender differences in Turkish medical students’ specialty preferences and influencing factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among final year students at the Bezmialem Vakif University (BVU), Faculty of Medicine in Istanbul, Turkey. Data collected from March to April 2018 using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics of the population, first choices for specialization, and the factors influencing those choices. An independent sample t-test performed to test the gender differences in different influencing factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results:  A total of seventy (70) students (response rate of 69.5 %) included in the data analysis. The mean age of total respondents was 24.9 ± 0.96 (ranged 23-27), and the male to female ratio of students was approximately 1:1.4. Out of nineteen (19) factors, statistically significant gender differences noted in the mean scores of six factors. Male students were more influenced by family expectations (2.76 ± 0.87, p=0.008), geographical consideration (2.97 ± 0.91, p=0.053), and high income expectations (2.90 ± 0.90, p=0.024) compared to female students. However, female students were more influenced by personal interests (3.61 ± 0.49, p=0.041), personality characteristics (3.59 ± 0.55, p=0.010) and malpractice (2.73 ± 1.03, p=0.015) compared to male students. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the sexes in terms of priorities; family, income, and geographical distribution significantly impacted on men, while women were more concerned with lifestyle, well-being and avoiding responsibility. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/20 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.20 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 145-151 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/20/62 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/21 2021-07-13T06:48:59Z jidhealth:ART driver

Therapeutic potentials of Excoecaria agallocha against gram-positive and gram-negative fish bacterial pathogens Abdul Razak, Laith A. Musa, Nadirah Jabar, Aya Musa, Najiah Excoecaria agallocha antimicrobial activities aquaculture feed additive fish pathogens LC50 Background: The present investigation of a mangrove plant, Excoecaria agallocha, which is a popular medicinal substitute for the treatment of microbial ailments, were evaluated for potential antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Methods: Antibacterial activity was performed using agar diffusion method, disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibiotic susceptibility assays. Experimental fish fed diet containing 0 (control), 5, 25, and 50 mg kg-1 E. agallocha leaf methanol extract for 28 days then challenged individually with E. coli or S. agalactiae and mortalities were recorded over a ten-day post-infection period.  Results: Results indicated that both bacterial species are sensitive to tetracycline, ampicillin, and amoxicillin. E. coli was found to be resistant to neomycin. E. agallocha extract concentration of 50 mg/ml produced a zone of inhibition of 18 mm against E. coli, in contrast to 13 mm against S. agalactiae.  E. agallocha showed bactericidal activity against E. coli and bacteriostatic activity against S. agalactiae. The highest E. agallocha LC50 activity was 83 mg/ml. The highest cumulative mortality was 90.0 ± 10.0% in control as compared to 26.7 ± 11.5% in the group fed with 50 mg kg-1 E. agallocha extract, significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hence, E. agallocha showed antibacterial activity against fish pathogens Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus; therefore, E. agallocha may be used as an alternative therapeutic agent against fish pathogenic bacteria as an additive to feed at a concentration depend, safe, non-cytotoxic doses. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-11-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/21 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.21 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 87-94 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/21/48 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/25 2021-07-13T06:48:53Z jidhealth:ART driver

Impact of internal displacement on psychosocial and health status of students residing in the hostel of Anbar University, Iraq Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa AL- Any, Ban Nadhum Al-Delaimy, Ahmed K. Yahyaa, Badeaa Thamer Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Internal Displacement, Students, Conflict, Psychosocial, Health, Anbar, Iraq. Background: Displacement in Iraq has been widespread and for frequent periods. Education was one of the most prominent victims of displacement at all levels, including higher education. This study aims to assess the impact of displacement on the psychosocial and health status of undergraduate students living in student accommodation of Anbar University, Iraq.    Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 3rd to 17th April 2017. Data was collected using a universal sampling technique. A total of 355 students (Response Rate: 82.1%.) completed a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 26 close-ended questions related to the socio-demographic and economic characteristics of students. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Descriptive data presented as the mean and standard deviation (±SD). Results:  The mean age (±SD) was 22.1 (±1.7) years (range 18-29). About two-third (240, 67.6%) of students experienced some mental disorders. Moreover, 25.1% of students confirmed that the mental disorders were negatively related to their level of performance in college, and the treatment was not available for 31.0% of them. Because of ID, about 45.4% of surveyed students had lost at least one academic year, and 17.5% began to smoke tobacco during the ID period. However, the social and psychological support was absent for about 57.4% of respondents. Conclusion: Our results suggest an urgent and strategic plane to improve the quality of logistics, health, and infrastructure of student accommodation. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/25 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.25 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 140-144 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/25/61 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/29 2021-07-13T06:48:58Z jidhealth:ART driver

Serum low density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6 is a discriminator of occluded ‎coronary artery assessed by coronary angiogram Alhusseiny, Adil Hassan Khaleel, Zakariya J. Al-Nimer, Marwan S.M. Coronary artery angiogram, coronary artery occlusion, low density lipoprotein receptor related gene-6, myocardial ischemia. Background: Human lipoprotein receptor-related protein -6 (LRP6) plays a role in the development of coronary artery disease. This study aimed to determine the serum level of the LRP6 in patients referred to the coronary angiogram taking into considerations the findings of ‎coronary angiography, evidence of dyslipidemia, obesity and co-existed diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 96 patients who referred to coronary angiogram as an interventional diagnostic test for coronary artery disease. The patients were grouped into Group I (negative angiogram); Group IIA (non-obstructed coronary vessels, positive angiogram) and: Group IIB (obstructed coronary vessels, positive angiogram).  The anthropometric measurement, blood pressure, and fasting serum lipid profile and glucose were determined. The serum levels of LRP6 were determined by using the Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA).  Results: A non-significant higher serum level of LRP6 observed in patients with a positive angiogram ‎0.175 ± 0.074 ng/ml (Group IIA) and ‎0.166 ± ‎‎0.063 ng/ml (Group IIB) ‎compared with the negative angiogram (Group I: 0.160 ± 0.019 ng/ml). The area under the curve of LRP6 in patients with positive angiogram was significantly lower than that with a normal angiogram. Conclusion: We conclude that the serum level of LRP6 is a good discriminator of patients with coronary ‎artery disease as the area under the curve of the serum levels of LRP6 is significantly decreased as the number of occluded coronary vessels increased.‎ Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-12-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/29 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.29 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 95-101 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/29/49 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/31 2021-07-13T06:48:55Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and microneedling (radiofrequency) in the treatment of atrophic acne scars Al-aajem, Burooj Mohammed Razooqi Alkayally, Khudhair Khalaf Alkayally, Aya Khudhair Khalaf Acne scars, PRP, RF, grading of scars, atrophic, keloid, Iraq. Background: Acne Vulgaris is a self-limiting, chronic skin lesion, which may heal with squally of different types of scars (ice pitted, boxcar, rolling, and keloid). Different options used to deal with scars such as laser dermabrasion, surgical excision, and chemical peeling. This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of using a combination of radiofrequency (RF) microneedling and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in managing the atrophic acne scars among a sample of Iraqi patients. Method: An interventional study conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at a private dermatological clinic in Kalar City, Al-Sulaymmania Province, Iraq. Patients with the atrophic scar and willing to participate are adequately assessed and treated by RF and PRP. A different number of sessions of therapy used, and patients followed for three months after the last meeting. Results: Thirty-one patients were involved in the study. The majority of them (27, 87.0%) were females with a mean age of 26.41±8 years. Twenty patients (64.5%) had opened mouth (boxcar and rolling) scars, and eleven (35.5%) had ice pitted scars. Ten patients (32.25%) showed an excellent response to RF and PRP therapy with two grades improvement, fifteen patients (48.38%) showed good response with one-grade improvement and six patients (19.6%) showed poor response without improvement in grades, (all of them of ice pitted scars). There was a direct relationship between the number of sessions and the response to therapy. Three patients developed folliculitis at sits of puncturing with the isolation of staphylococcus auras bacteria, which cleared by topical and systemic antibiotics. Conclusions: Although ice pitted scars showed an inadequate response to therapy, however, the reaction of the boxcar and rolling scars to RF and PRP was excellent, indicating that combination procedure is a safe, efficient and satisfactory option for the treatment of atrophic acne scars. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-12-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/31 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.31 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 118-122 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/31/54 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/33 2021-07-13T06:48:59Z jidhealth:ART driver

Detection of human adenovirus 40/41 among children with some hematological disorders Ali, Alyaa Younis Hussein, Areej Atiyah Mahmood, Najdat Shukur Gastroenteritis, human adenovirus, immunochromatographic, ELISA, Diyala, Iraq. Background: Different parts of the world are witnessing a significant increase in the prevalence of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) diarrhea among children. This study aimed to assess the prevalence rate of HAdVs type 40 and type 41 (40/41) infections in children with diarrhea and to assess the relationship between viral infection and different socio-demographic and clinical parameters. Methods: A cross-sectional study was recruited to analyze a convenient sample of children presented with diarrhea. Data was collected from 8th August 2018 till 6th July 2019 at Al-Batool teaching hospital for gynecology and pediatrics in Baquba city, Center of hematology in Baquba city, and the Central teaching hospital of pediatric in Baghdad. Depending on the clinical examination, patients categorized into four groups; Group I with acute diarrhea, Group II with iron deficiency anemia and diarrhea, Group III with thalassemia and diarrhea, and Group IV with leukemia and diarrhea. Each patient gave one stool sample stored in a deep freeze at -20 ̊C for further analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunochromatographic test used to test the samples.  Results: A total of 184 children aged one month to fifteen years have been included in this study. More than half (97, 52.7%) of children were males. The prevalence rate of HAdVs 40/41 was 4.34%. Patients in the age group ranged from one month to five years, G IV (leukemia and diarrhea), male gender, low educated mothers, and those who changed to spoon feeder are more likely to have a high prevalence of diarrhea due to HAdVs 40/41. The most top clinical sign was fever (7, 87.5%), and the lowest was the loss weight (1, 12.5%), however vomiting, abdominal pain, and dehydration seen among at least three cases. Conclusion: Human adenovirus 40/41 appeared to play a significant role causing acute gastroenteritis among children with leukemia and less than five years old. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/33 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.33 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 81-86 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/33/46 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/34 2021-07-13T06:48:56Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evaluation of self-medication among Iraqi pharmacy students Ahmed, Fadia Thamir Ali, Ghufran Yousif Mohammed Self-medication, knowledge, pharmacy students, Baghdad, Iraq. Background: Practicing self-medication is common and a worrisome issue because of irrational drug use. This study aimed to evaluate self-medication knowledge and views among the final year pharmacy students in Iraq.  Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from December 2018 to January 2019. A pre-validated and self-administered questionnaire was recruited to survey pharmacy students at the University of Baghdad and Al-Rafedain University College. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 (SPSS v. 20) software used to save and analyze the data. Results expressed as numbers and percentages. Results:  A total of 344 students (response rate: 94.24%) with a mean age of 22.10 years included in this study. Most of them were female (61.60%). Self-medication was high in the past year (84.88%), and most of them (86.04%) got their medications from pharmacies. About (62.79%) of students used antibiotics as self-medication for a few days, although a significant number were aware of bacterial resistance. The main reasons to self-medicate were quick relief desired, convenience, and avoiding waiting at clinics. The reasons against it were a misdiagnosis, adverse effects' risk, and wrong medication use. Doctor visits sought necessary in cases of worsening symptoms, severe pain, and serious problems. Headache, cough, and diarrhea were the most frequent indications. Conclusion: The self-medication prevalence is high; the knowledge is moderate, and the views about the self-medication concept are generally appropriate. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/34 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.34 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 108-112 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/34/52 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/36 2021-07-13T06:48:57Z jidhealth:ART driver

Neonatal bacterial colonization of the intestine—Implications for the practitioner McClay, Rebecca Mileski, Michael Naiman, Jesica L. Neonate; infant; intestine; bacterial colonization; post-natal; bacteria; screening. Background: Neonatal intestinal bacterial colony balance has correlations with positive and negative health situations. The understanding of how neonate colonization occurs is therefore extremely important in providing life-extending and holistic care for infants. Certain medical interventions can impede optimal intestinal colonization. However, with proper screening and identification, side effects can be limited and compensated for, and complications can be minimized in an already compromised population. This study aims to identify influences on neonate microbiomes to create best practices for increased health outcomes.  Develop mitigations for factors leading to intestinal microbiome conditions linked to negative neonate outcomes and increase opportunities for healthy colonization. Methods: The research team conducted a literature review via PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Academic Search Ultimate to collect data regarding neonatal bacterial colonization of the intestine.  Results: Normal colonization is affected by birth age, birthing method, time spent in direct skin to skin contact with mother and feeding type. Iatrogenic influences include the use of oral and topical antibiotics, proton blockers, and practices that limit direct contact. Conclusion: The nursing process and policy adaptations can have a positive effect on developing a protective neonate intestinal microbiome. Awareness of risks and early clinical signs can improve positive interventions that may prevent life-threatening complications in susceptible neonates.   Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-12-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/36 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.36 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 102-107 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/36/51 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/37 2021-07-13T06:48:56Z jidhealth:ART driver

Assessment of obesity and central obesity among patients with knee osteoarthritis in Al-Sadder Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq Al-Yasseri, Berq J. Hadi Radi, Ayad Ali Abbas, Mohammed Abdul Ridha Knee osteoarthritis, obesity, central obesity, body mass index, waist-hip ratio. Baghdad, Iraq. Background: Obese individuals are at increased risk for many chronic and life-threating conditions. The most significant burden on the musculoskeletal system resulted from osteoarthritis, mainly knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and central obesity among a group of patients with knee osteoarthritis, analyze the effect of demographic variables, and examine the relationship between these two types of obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Sadder hospital in Baghdad from June through September 2017. A convenience sample of 200 patients with knee osteoarthritis was collected. Those with body mass index (BMI) equal to or more than (30 kg/m2) considered obese. The cutoff point for central obesity was the waist-hip ratio (WHR) above (0.9) for men and above (0.85) for women. The risk ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) calculated to determine the strength of the relationship. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  Results: The number of obese patients, according to BMI, was 163 (81.5%). For central obesity, the men and women with unhealthy WHR were 53 (96.4%) and 131 (10.3%), respectively. No significant difference in the rate of obesity among age groups (p= 0.986). Central obesity is significantly lower in those less than 45 years (p=0.023). In men, the risk of obese to have central obesity is (1.06) with no significant association (95% CI = 0.89 - 1.27, P = 0.481). In women, risk ratio = 1.56 and association is significant (95% CI = 1.03 - 1.36, P = 0.037). Conclusion: The increasing age was associated with a rise in the rate of central obesity, but not with obesity. The overlap between the two types of obesity was evident and significant only in women. Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-12-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/37 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.37 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 113-117 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/37/53 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/38 2021-07-13T06:48:58Z jidhealth:ART driver

Does the quality and novel work save the researcher's effort and raise the likelihood of acceptance? Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Quality, novel, research, acceptance Research is known to be of high quality when it passes the test of experienced peers, has a potential impact on the development of scientific research, and positively contributes to improving society. While the research considered novel when the researcher has his fingerprint in the world of scientific research, i.e., the outputs brought something new or not known before in the research world. Different reasons, such as repeated studies, plagiarism, grammatical errors, out of the journal scope, and nothing new contribute to pushing the research away from the interest of the publishers.  Journal of Ideas in Health 2019-12-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/38 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol2.Iss2.38 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019); 80 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/38/50 Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/39 2021-07-13T06:48:51Z jidhealth:ART driver

Gender differences in the domains of job satisfaction: a questionnaire survey among doctors Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Gender Differences, Warr–Cook–Wall (WCW), Job Satisfaction, Doctors, Domains, Recognition, Iraq Background: The impact of gender differences in the labor market cannot be neglected when studying job satisfaction among doctors. This study aimed to assess the gender differences in a ten-items Warr–Cook–Wall (WCW) job satisfaction scale among Iraqi medical doctors.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2014 in Iraq. The multistage sampling technique was recruited to collect the data from 20 health institutions. A total of 576 doctors returned the self-administered questionnaire (response rate= 87.3%). Student t-test and the Pearson correlation tests were used to analyzing the data. Results:  Female doctors rated the overall job satisfaction index significantly higher than their peer male colleagues (P <0.001). Findings of student t-test showed a significant gender difference; women doctors appeared more satisfied than men in the freedom to choose the method of working, satisfied with their colleagues and fellow workers, amount of responsibility given to them, income, opportunity to use their abilities, hours of work and the amount of variety in the job. In contrast, the Pearson correlation coefficient results indicated a high satisfaction among male doctors than females in terms of recognition for good work (P =0.02) and the physical working condition (P =0.04), respectively. Conclusion: Analysis of data based on indices rather than the only overall job satisfaction appeared as an efficient method to understand gender differences. The possibility of increasing the representation of women in recognition and awards may raise the level of job satisfaction. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-08-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/39 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.39 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020); 161-166 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/39/65 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/44 2021-07-13T06:48:50Z jidhealth:ART driver

Patient satisfaction in outpatient medical care: the case of Iraq Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Mahmood, Anmar Shukur Outpatient, Satisfaction, PSQ-18, Iraq   Background: Healthcare providers are increasingly interested in patient satisfaction as an indicator to assess the quality of health services. This study investigates the level of satisfaction among Iraqi patients attending the outpatient (OP) clinic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October to December 2019 among outpatient attendees in two busiest centers in Iraq. A convenience sample of 235 (response rate of 88.0%) completed the self-administered short-form patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ-18). The independent variables included socio-demographic, economic, and self-perceived health status. Data were analyzed in SPSS, where descriptive analysis (mean ± standard deviation) and univariate (independent sample t-test, ANOVA test) and multivariate linear regression “Enter technique” was done at 0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence interval. Results:  The mean age of respondents was 39.3 (±14.8). The sample was mostly women (55.3%), and 37.4% in the age group of 30-49 years.  More than half of participants residing in the urban regions (54.5%) from families of monthly household income less than 500,000 Iraq Dinars (USD 400). However, the majority (70.6%) have the first visit to the OP clinic, and 53.6% self-perceived health as good or very good. Results of multiple linear regression showed that patients residents in rural regions (B= 5.4 , P <0.001), married (B= 4.8, P <0.001), unemployed (B= 4.7, P <0.001)  and low educated (B= 1.5, P <0.051)  exhibited higher service satisfaction score compared to urban residents, single, employed and high educated participants respectively. However, patients aged fifty years and more (B= -2.1, P <0.001) and those with poor health (B=-2.5, P <0.001) exhibited lower service satisfaction scores compared to young age patients and the healthy participants, respectively. Conclusion: The high demand for the use of health resources in metropolitan cities by the rural population indicates inequality in the distribution of health services and an increase in the rural-to-urban displacement. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-08-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/44 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.44 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020); 176-182 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/44/68 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/45 2021-07-13T06:48:54Z jidhealth:ART driver

Was the world ready to face a crisis like COVID-19? Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed COVID-19, Virus, Crisis, Global Health, Planet, Budget One of the most prominent flaws in the world revealed by COVID-19 is the lack of prior preparation to collectively face international crises. Even at the national level, preparation was meager, as demonstrated by reading the size of the budget approved for health and education versus the budget approved for armament and military actions. It seems that the world was busy preparing for wars and forgot to promote the individual, community, and global health. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/45 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.45 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 123-124 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/45/59 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/46 2021-07-13T06:48:54Z jidhealth:ART driver

Non-invasive thrombectomy: magnetized antibodies in reperfusion of thromboses Alim-Marvasti, Ali Stroke, Thrombosis, Thrombectomy, Clot Retrieval, Magnetised Antibodies, Portable Magnetic Device Background: Five multi-center randomized controlled trials have shown superior outcomes for mechanical thrombectomy to standard intravenous thrombolysis for acute anterior ischaemic stroke. This idea-paper aims to provoke multi-disciplinary expertise to develop a less invasive and more rapid thrombectomy technology. The hypothesis is that by adapting existing technology to magnetize in vivo blood clots, we should be able to dislodge clots from major vessels magnetically and achieve minimally invasive reperfusion.  Methods: First, magnetized antibodies against specific epitopes in blood clots must be developed (such as the previously used Fibrin Beta-chain specific antibody, 59D8) and an external portable magnetic device with superlens magnetic-field focusing would be used to dislodge and guide the clot proximally to establish reperfusion; subsequently, the clot will be removed. A distal magnet, statically held at the original location of the dislodged clot, would prevent microemboli from occluding distal vessels during dislodgement and removal of the clot. Conclusion: Developing specific antibodies against in vivo blood clots (immunology) with attached superparamagnetic nanoparticles (nanoscience) and an external portable magnetic device with a focused magnetic flux (applied medical physics) will significantly improve time to revascularization in acute ischaemic stroke, minimize risks of intervention, and thus improve outcomes further. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/46 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.46 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 135-137 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/46/58 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/47 2021-07-13T06:48:53Z jidhealth:ART driver

Impact of missingness on clinical trials on the effectiveness of antenatal vitamin D supplementation in gestational diabetes mellitus patients Saha, Sumanta Gestational diabetes mellitus, Vit D, Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a vital medical complication of pregnancy in which glucose intolerance is first detected or develops during gestation. GDM is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, and contemporarily, several clinical trials have tested their incidence in antenatal vitamin D receiving GDM patients. Considering their clinical significance, these trials' findings pertaining to the above outcomes require cautious interpretation, in terms of the risk of bias due to missingness. Any such bias in randomized controlled trials (RCT) can contaminate the results of a meta-analysis that extracts data from these RCTs. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-05-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/47 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.47 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020); 138-139 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/47/60 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/49 2021-07-13T06:48:50Z jidhealth:ART driver

Research ethics challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic: what should and what should not be done Katib, Atif Abdulhamid COVID-19 pandemic, Ethic Committee approval, Article, Saudi Arabia This article is directed primarily at how clinical trials can be ethically conducted in the midst of the current global COVID-19 pandemic. We explain why ethical issues are more complicated than they once were. Furthermore, we discuss the relevant parties` roles in protecting participants` rights and in keeping basic research ethics of justice, respect, equity, and beneficence strongly implemented on the ground.   References Moorthy V, Restrepo H, Preziosi MP, Swaminathan S. Data sharing for novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Bull World Health Organ. 2020; 98: 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.251561 Angus DC. Optimizing the trade-off between learning and doing in a pandemic. Epub ahead of print, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.4984)JAMA Park YR, Koo H, Yoon YK, Park S, Lim Y-S, Baek S, et al. Expedited Safety Reporting to Sponsors Through the Implementation of an Alert System for Clinical Trial Management at an Academic Medical Center: Retrospective Design Study. JMIR Med Inform. 2020;8(2): e14379. https://doi.org/2196/14379. Bae J, Lee J, Jang Y, Lee Y. Development of simulation education debriefing protocol with faculty guide for enhancement clinical reasoning. BMC Med Educ. 2019;19(1):197. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1633-8. Cox EM, Edmund AV, Kratz E, Lockwood SH, Shankar A. Regulatory Affairs 101: Introduction to Expedited Regulatory Pathways. Clin Transl Sci. 2020;13(3):451‐ https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.12745. Epub 2020 Feb 6. Rivenbark JG, Ichou M. Discrimination in healthcare as a barrier to care: experiences of socially disadvantaged populations in France from a nationally representative survey. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):31. https://doi.org/1186/s12889-019-8124-z Arsenijevic J, Tummers L, Bosma N. Adherence to Electronic Health Tools Among Vulnerable Groups: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(2): e11613. https://doi.org/2196/11613 Plotkin S, Robinson JM, Cunningham G, Iqbal R, Larsen S. The complexity and cost of vaccine manufacturing: An overview. Vaccine. 2017;35(33):4064–71. https://doi.org/1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.003. Deming D. Do extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence? Philosophia (Ramat Gan). 2016;44(4):1319‐ https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00117 Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-09-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/49 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.49 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 185-187 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/49/69 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/51 2021-07-13T06:48:49Z jidhealth:ART driver

The psychological impact of COVID-19 and the subsequent social isolation on the general population of Karnataka, India Desai, Mohammed Zaid Jaffar H. Khan, Atiqur Rahman Kulkarni, Rutuja Hegde, Bhoomika COVID-19, Pandemic, Social Isolation, Depression, Anxiety, Karnataka, India Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has various unfavorable effects on individuals and the community. This study aims to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic and the subsequent social isolation on the general population of Karnataka, India.  Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Karnataka from 8 to 14 April 2020 using the snowball technique. The psychological impact was assessed with the help of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and seven-item General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaires. IBM SPSS Statistics Subscription version 16.0 was recruited to analyze the data. Descriptive (Mean + Standard Deviation) and bivariate (Pearson chi-square and ANOVA tests) analysis used to present data with the significance level set at less than 0.05. Results:  This study included 1537 participants from 26 cities in Karnataka. About two-thirds of the respondents were undergraduate students (951, 61.9%), females (768, 50.0%), and 40.1% stayed about 15-20 days in social isolation. The prevalence of depression was 47.0%, and anxiety was 41.5%, respectively, among the surveyed sample. After the analysis, the age group 21-30 year old (P < 0.001), females P < 0.001), urban residents (P = 0.021), and the students (P p < 0.001) were significant for depression. However, only the age group 31-40 years was found to be more susceptible to anxiety. Conclusion: As important as addressing the psychological effects, knowing people at risk of developing mental illnesses will contribute effectively to providing appropriate psychological rehabilitation programs at the right time.   References World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Report –1, 21 January 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf, [Accessed on 30 August 2020]. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, Ho RC. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 6;17(5):1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729. World Health Organization, WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 [Accessed on 13 April 2020] Coronavirus in India: Latest Map and Case Count. Available from: https://www.covid19india.org/ [Accessed 13 April 2020]. Arakal RA. First COVID-19 case in Karnataka: Techie who returned to Bengaluru from US tests positive, (9 March2020). Available from: https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/coronavirus-karnataka-first-case-covid-19-bengaluru-6307223/ [Accessed on 13 April 2020] India Today on 24 March 2020. Modi announces lockdown Updates: No panic buying please. Stay indoors, tweets PM. Available from: https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/pm-modi-address-the-nation-at-8-pm-today-speech-covid-19-coronavirus-live-updates-1659215-2020-03-24 [Accessed on 13 April 2020] Ali Jadoo SA. Was the world ready to face a crisis like COVID-19? Journal of Ideas in Health2020;3(1):123-4. https://doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.45 Steptoe A, Shankar A, Demakakos P, Wardle J. Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(15):5797-5801. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1219686110 Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020; 287:112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934 Taylor HO, Taylor RJ, Nguyen AW, Chatters L. Social Isolation, Depression, and Psychological Distress Among Older Adults. Journal of Aging and Health2018; 30(2): 229–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264316673511 Sim K, Huak Chan Y, Chong PN, Chua HC, Wen Soon S. Psychosocial and coping responses within the community health care setting towards a national outbreak of an infectious disease. J Psychosom Res. 2010;68(2):195-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.04.004 Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020; 51:102083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083. Karnataka Population. Available from: http://www.populationu.com/in/karnataka-population [Accessed on 8 April 2020] Sample Size Calculator: Understanding Sample Sizes. Available from: https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/sample-size-calculator/ [Accessed on 5 March 2020] Toussaint A, Hüsing P, Gumz A, Wingenfeld K, Härter M, Schramm E, Löwe B. Sensitivity to change and minimal clinically important difference of the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GAD-7). J Affect Disord. 2020; 265:395–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.032 Williams N. The GAD-7 Questionnaire [Review of the test Generalized anxiety disorder (gad-7) Questionnaire, by R. L. Spitzer]. Occupational Medicine2014; 64(3): 224. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqt161 Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(9):606–613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606. Albert PR. Why is depression more prevalent in women? J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2015;40(4):219-221. https://doi.org/10.1503/jpn.150205 Patten SB, Wang JL, Williams JV, Wang JL, McDonald K, Bulloch ACM. Descriptive epidemiology of major depression in Canada. Can J Psychiatry. 2006; 51:84–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674371506000106 Jones C. Student anxiety, depression increasing during school closures, survey finds. EdSorce, 13 May 2020. Available from: https://edsource.org/2020/student-anxiety-depression-increasing-during-school-closures-survey-finds/631224 [Accessed on 29 August 2020]. Frasquilho D, Matos MG, Salonna F, Guerreiro D, Storti CC, Gaspar T, Caldas-de-Almeida JM. Mental health outcomes in times of economic recession: a systematic literature review. BMC Public Health2015; 16:115. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2720-y. Ali Jadoo SA. COVID -19 pandemic is a worldwide typical Biopsychosocial crisis. Journal of Ideas in Health2020;3(2):152-4. https://doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.58 Prabhu N. Bengaluru urban tops state in per capita income, Kalaburagi last, (20 March 2016). Available from: https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/bengaluru-urban-tops-state-in-per-capita-income-kalaburagi-last/article8376124.ece [Accessed 13 April 2020]. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-09-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/51 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.51 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 190-195 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/51/71 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/53 2021-07-13T06:48:51Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge of, risk perception towards and reported preventive practices against Lassa fever among health workers in Ondo State, Nigeria Fatiregun, Akinola A Isere, Elvis E Agunbiade, Opeyemi Dosumu, Modupeola Onyibe, Rosemary Lassa fever outbreak; Risk perception; Infection prevention practices; Healthcare workers, Ondo State, Nigeria Background: Secondary transmission of Lassa fever has been recorded annually among healthcare workers who provided care. An outbreak of the disease in Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria in 2018, recorded high morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, risk perception, and preventive practices towards Lassa fever among healthcare workers.    Methods: A health facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted involving senior members of staff randomly selected from the list of staff members. A structured pre-tested questionnaire was administered to 554 consenting respondents in 304 health facilities. Results: More than half of the respondents (317, 57.2%) are health workers in primary healthcare cadres. Although 444 (80.1%) knew the case definition for reporting, only 379 (68.4%) correctly indicated the reporting channel. Concerning risk perception, 174 (31.4%) rated their risk of contracting the disease in the workplace as high, and 309 (55.8%) indicated that hospitals' infection control policy is inadequate. Furthermore, only 76 (13.7%) of the respondents reported having modified their working habits for fear of being infected with Lassa fever three months before the study with 368 (66.4%) and 474 (85.6%) reported that they always use aprons and gloves respectively during treatment of patients. Conclusion: There is a need to strengthen the hospital infection control policy and train healthcare workers on reporting suspected cases. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-08-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/53 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.53 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020); 155-160 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/53/64 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/55 2021-07-13T06:48:49Z jidhealth:ART driver

Curbing COVID-19: the quest continues in time Bhandari, Sudhir Shaktawat, Ajit Singh Gupta, Jitendra Kakkar, Shivankan Dube, Amitabh Containment strategies, COVID-19, Treatment guidelines, India. The menace of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has made life more and more challenging throughout the world. Amidst these difficult times, doctors have proved their exceptional worth. They have performed their duties with notable dedication, diligence, resilience, and compassion. Here we share our experiences from the State of Rajasthan in Northern India. We were benefitted by very early lockdown by the Government, preventive strategies of containment, and the most effective contact tracing program. The creation of hundreds of surveillance teams and rapid response teams (RRT) was instrumental for the containment program. This was coupled with outstanding medical care exemplified by Sawai Man Singh Medical College Hospital (SMSMCH) at Jaipur, the capital city of Rajasthan. The mortality rate-limiting to 1.98% in Rajasthan has been an outcome of the amalgamation of brisk administrative action, government support, and visionary action and the best of health care facilities. Our COVID-19 management program strategy was based on the advanced treatment guidelines from the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India, and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.   References Gao Y, Li T, Han M, Li X, Wu D, Xu Y, et al. Diagnostic utility of clinical laboratory data determinations for patients with the severe COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2020;92(7):791-796. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25770. Covid-19 data for Rajasthan, India. Available from: https://www.covid19india.org/state/RJ. [Accessed on 17 July 2020]. Clinical Management Protocol: Covid-19. Version 5, 03/07/20. Available from: http://www.rajswasthya.nic.in/PDF/COVID%20-19/FOR%20HOSPITALS/03.07.2020.pdf. [Accessed on 17 July 2020] Brown BL, McCullough J. Treatment for emerging viruses: Convalescent plasma and COVID-19. Transfus Apher Sci. 2020;59(3):102790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2020.102790. Bhatnagar T, Murhekar MV, Soneja M, Gupta N, Giri S, Wig N, et al. Lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy amongst symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 patients in India: Protocol for restricted public health emergency use. Indian J Med Res. 2020;151(2 & 3):184-189. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_502_20. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-09-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/55 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.55 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 188-189 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/55/70 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/56 2021-07-13T06:48:51Z jidhealth:ART driver

A juxtaposition of safety outcomes between various doses of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors, in insulin-treated type-1 diabetes mellitus patients: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Saha, Sumanta Type 1 Diabetes, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Randomized Controlled Trial   Background: Several clinical trials have tested the safety profile of sodium-glucose co-transport inhibitors’ (SGLTis) in adult type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. However, no systematic review has yet compared its variation between large and low dose SGLTis. Henceforth, a review protocol is proposed here to review it. Methods: Different electronic databases will be searched for randomized-controlled trials (published in the English language) studying the above objective, irrespective of their publication date. After selecting the eligible trials, their data on the study design, population characteristics, compared interventions, and outcomes of interest will be extracted. Then, utilizing the Cochrane tool, each trial's risk of selection bias, detection bias, performance bias, attrition bias, reporting bias, and other bias will be judged. Next, depending on clinical heterogeneity among the trials, a random-effect or fixed-effect model meta-analysis will be used to compare the respective outcomes. Via the Chi2 and I2 statistics, the statistical inconsistency among the trials will be estimated. When this is substantial, subgroup analysis will follow. Publication bias will be evaluated by funnel plots and Egger’s test. A sensitivity analysis will be done to check different assumptions. If a quantitative juxtaposition is not possible, a narrative reporting will ensue. Conclusion: The proposed study will perform a dose-wise juxtaposition of the safety profile of SGLTis in insulin-treated T1DM patients. Registration: Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (Registration no. CRD42019146578)     Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-08-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/56 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.56 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020); 167-172 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/56/66 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/57 2021-07-13T06:48:50Z jidhealth:ART driver

Emphysematous epididymo-orchitis with involvement of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and the scrotum: a case report Katib, Atif Abdulhamid Epididymo-Orchitis, Emphysematous Infection, Gas-Forming Organisms, Orchiectomy. Emphysematous epididymo-orchitis is a rare clinical entity. Up until July 2020, only 9 cases have been reported in PubMed and Scopus platforms, one of which also had scrotal involvement. Therefore, we are reporting the second case with prostate, seminal vesicle, and scrotal involvement. The condition represents an aggressive form of infection caused by gas-forming microbes. The radiological detection of air within the organs involved in the characteristic diagnostic sign. The case we are reporting is a 47 years old diabetic, chronic renal failure patient on regular hemodialysis who had a fulminant emphysematous infection in the left testis, epididymis, spermatic cord, the prostate, seminal vesicles, and the scrotum. Emergency orchiectomy has been carried out. The most significant part of the case is the pictures showing ballooning scrotum and gas bubbles in abnormal anatomical locations. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-08-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/57 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.57 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020); 173-175 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/57/67 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/58 2021-07-13T06:48:52Z jidhealth:ART driver

COVID -19 pandemic is a worldwide typical biopsychosocial crisis Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed COVID-19, pandemic, Biopsychosocial model, Crisis Since December 2019, the world has been stunned by the speed of the spread of the COVID-19. All the possibilities were likely, except that people would hide in their homes for fear of contracting the disease, as it was very unlikely. The lockdown was imposed severely, and people panicked, and their interest has limited to providing food and caring for health and family. The effect of isolation and the prevention of social interaction was apparent in the individuals' psychological behavior. Unfortunately, the incidence of depression, anxiety, and domestic violence increased, which negatively impact family stability in the short and medium-term. The pathological, psychological, and social impact of COVID-19 imposes a framework for dealing with the pandemic based on the biopsychosocial model. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-08-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/58 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.58 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020); 152-154 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/58/63 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/59 2022-01-22T15:53:46Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among Iraqi people: a web-based cross-sectional study Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Alhusseiny, Adil Hassan Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-Rawi, Ru’ya Abdulhadi Al-Delaimy, Ahmed K. Abed, Mohammed Waheeb Hassooni, Hanan Raheem COVID-19, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, public, preventive measures, Iraq Background: Iraq was among the first countries invaded by the novel human coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) after China. This study aimed to assess the Iraqi people's knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 during the pandemic.  Methods: A cross-sectional study recruiting an online self-reported survey conducted from 17-31 July 2020. Data of 877 participants have undergone descriptive, univariate, and multivariable regression analyses, respectively, to assess the differences in mean scores and identify factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19. Results: Most of the respondents (78.8%) from the urban region, highly educated (69.7%), aged less than 45 years (61.2%), females (58.3%), married (51.9%), and 74.0% self-ranked health as good. Less than half (45.4%) were employed; however, the average monthly income was USD 400 or more in about 66.8% of them. The mean knowledge, attitude and practice score was 15.57 ± 2.46 (range: 0-20), 38.88 (SD = 3.57, (range: 11-55), and 5.13 (SD = 1.14, range: 0–6), respectively. Findings of regression analysis showed that higher educated (p< 0.001), urban residents (P <0.001), employed (P =0.040), and having an income level of USD 400 or more (P <0.001) were significantly associated with upper knowledge score. Female gender and employed respondents are significantly associated with positive attitude scores, but inversely respondents with an income of USD 400 or more are significantly associated with a negative attitude. Regarding practice score, the female gender and those living in an urban region had better practice, but the young age group (0-44 years) was significantly associated with the weak practice. Conclusion: Although Iraq has adopted a preventive and precautionary plan to control the spread of coronavirus. However, the public's knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19, coupled with the unstable political and security situation, have greatly affected the commitment to preventive measures. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/59 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial2.59 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 258-265 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/59/86 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/60 2021-07-13T06:48:49Z jidhealth:ART driver

Cotrimoxazole as adjuvant therapy in critical ill COVID 19 patients Choudhari, Omkar Kalidasrao Spalgis, Sonam Ojha, Umesh Chandra Cotrimoxazole, pandemic, COVID 19 The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has forced us to consider using available drugs in the shortfall of vaccines and established treatment. Cotrimoxazole is one of the oldest drugs presently used in the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) etc. It is a combination of two drugs Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole. This cost-effective old drug is well tolerated among the population with the concomitant use of folic acid; moreover, it also looks after the secondary infections. To conclude, Cotrimoxazole can be used as critically ill COVID-19 patients.   References Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive care Med. 2020;46(5): 846–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x Rozin A, Schapira D, Braun-Moscovici Y, Nahir AM. Cotrimoxazole treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2001;31(2):133-41. Bourke CD, Gough EK, Pimundu G, Shonhai A, Berejena C, Terry L, et al. Cotrimoxazole reduces systemic inflammation in HIV infection by altering the gut microbiome and immune activation. Sci Transl Med. 2019;11(486): eaav0537. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed. aav0537 Liu B, Li M, Zhou Z, Guan X, Xiang Y. Can we use interleukin-6 (IL-6) blockade for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced cytokine release syndrome (CRS)? J Autoimmun. 2020; 111:102452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102452 Vickers IE, Smikle MF. The immunomodulatory effect of antibiotics on the secretion of tumour necrosis factor alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia stimulation. West Indian Med J. 2006;55(3):138-41. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0043-31442006000300002 Onyebuagu PC, Kiridi K, Pughikumo DT. Effects of septrin administration on blood cells parameters in humans. Int. J. Basic Appl. Innov. Res, 2014;3(1): 14 -8. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijbair/article/view/104688 Ho JMW, Juurlink DN. Considerations when prescribing trimethoprim– sulfamethoxazole. CMAJ. 2011; 183(16):1851-8. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.111152 Mahan CS, Walusimbi M, Johnson DF, Lancioni C, Charlebois E, Baseke J, et al. Tuberculosis treatment in HIV infected Ugandans with CD4 counts .350 cells/mm3 reduces immune activation with no effect on HIV load or CD4 count. PLoS one.2010;5(2): e9138. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009138 Varney VA, Smith B, Quirke G, Parnell H, Ratnatheepan S, Bansal AS, et al. P49 the effects of oral cotrimoxazole upon neutrophil and monocyte activation in patients with pulmonary fibrosis and healthy controls; does this relate to its action in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax. 2017;72: A109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210983.191 Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-09-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/60 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.60 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 196-197 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/60/72 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/61 2022-01-21T16:24:32Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Syrian people resident in Turkey Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Dastan, Ilker Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Abbasi, Asiyeh Alkhdar, Hassan Al Saad, Mohammed Danfour, Omar Mohamed COVID-19, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Displaced, Refugees, Resident, Syrian people, Turkey Background: Measuring knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 helps policymakers observe knowledge gaps and provide key messages to people to act better against the pandemic. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Syrian people resident in Turkey.  Methods: A cross-sectional study designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among the Syrian people resident in Turkey. The data were collected via a web-based and self-administered questionnaire of 313 participants from 17-31 July 2020. SPSS version 16.0 was recruited to analyze the data using univariate and multivariable regression data analyses. Results: Our finding as the first study among Syrian people resident in Turkey found a high rate of good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 accordingly with 83.0%, 72.0%, 84.0%. Regression analysis showed that age-group of 45 years and more years, marital status of being married, female gender, living in urban area were significantly associated with upper knowledge score. Age-group of 45 years and more significantly associated with positive attitude score but inversely being married and unemployed statues significantly associated with a negative attitude. Regarding practice score, married and female people had better practice, but poor-rated health status was significantly associated with the weak practice. Conclusion: Although our finding showed a good rate for knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19, but it needs to improve cause of many barriers on Syrian people resident in Turkey, such as living in a crowded place, distant from health care services, losing whole or part of their income due to COVID-19 as an economic crisis, different language barriers. Some groups like men, people living in a rural area, and those unemployed or lost their job should be exposed by timely and accurate knowledge. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/61 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 278-285 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/61/92 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/63 2021-07-13T06:48:48Z jidhealth:ART driver

Six months of COVID-19 response in Nigeria: lessons, challenges, and way forward Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Coronavirus Disease, COVID-19 Mitigation, Lockdown, Response, Nigeria Background: The declaration of COVID-19 as a public health emergency by the World Health Organization necessitated countries across the globe to implement response and mitigation measures. We aimed to assess the Nigerian government's response following six months of detection of COVID-19 in Nigeria. Methods: A narrative review of existing literature on the topic was done. The authors' opinion as experts supporting the COVID-19 pandemic response was included. The review and opinion were summarized, covering six months of the outbreak response in Nigeria. Results: Contact tracing commenced after identifying the index case of COVID-19 in Nigeria but has been faced with challenges such as inadequate equipment and shortage of funds. School closure was implemented barely three weeks after detecting the index case, but the resumption of terminal classes has been announced recently. The Nigerian government implemented restrictions on gatherings involving up to 11 people after three weeks following the detection of the index case of COVID-19. The lack of enforcement and supervision of gatherings and public events made many individuals disregard the restriction measures. Lockdowns on religious gatherings and public events have been recently eased nationwide, and regulatory measures have been put in place. The Nigerian government implemented bans on international travel from all countries, especially high-risk countries. However, the existence of porous borders limited success, which could have been obtained from the travel ban. Conclusion: COVID-19 mitigation measures should be implemented and reinforced as required nationwide and get provided the needed support.   References World Health Organization. COVID-19 public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) global research and innovation forum, 2020 February 12. In: WHO 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/covid-19-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern-(pheic)-global-research-and-innovation-forum [Accessed on 26 August 2020].] European centre for disease prevention and control. COVID-19 situation updates worldwide, as of 26 August 2020. In: ECDC 2020. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/geographical-distribution-2019-ncov-cases [ Accessed on 26 August 2020].] Nigeria centre for disease control. COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria situation report. Abuja. In: NCDC. 2020 Contract No.: S/N: 001. Available from: https://covid19.ncdc.gov.ng/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Ogundele K. UPDATED: FG places travel ban on China, Italy, US, UK, nine others. Punch Newspapers, 2020 Mar 18. Available from: https://punchng.com/breaking-fg-places-travel-ban-on-china-italy-us-uk-others/ [ Accessed on 26 August 2020] Presidential task force on COVID-19. Available from: https://statehouse.gov.ng/covid19/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Okunola A. 5 Challenges facing health care workers in Nigeria as they tackle COVID-19. On 9 June 2020. In: Global citizen. Available from: https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/challenges-for-health-care-workers-nigeria-covid/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Sessou E. COVID-19: Why we provided testing kits in Kano- ADF. 2020 May 8. In: Vanguard. Available from: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/05/covid-19-why-we-provided-testing-kits-in-kano-adf/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Ilesanmi OS, Afolabi AA. Time to move from vertical to horizontal approach in our COVID-19 response in Nigeria. SciMed J. 2020; 2:28-29. https://doi.org/10.28991/SciMedJ-2020-02-S1-3. Olisa C. Covid-19: FG orders immediate shut down of all schools. 2020 March 20. In: Naira Metrics [Internet]. Available at: https://nairametrics.com/2020/03/20/covid-19-fg-orders-immediate-shut-down-of-all-schools/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Adejayan G. COVID-19: Lagos decontaminates schools for partial resumption. On 1 August 2020 [cited 26 August 2020]. In: Within Nigeria. Available from: https://www.withinnigeria.com/2020/08/01/covid-19-lagos-decontaminates-public-schools-for-partial-resumption/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Oyetimi K, Adewakun A. E-learning: How COVID-19 is reshaping education in Nigeria. On 10 April 2020. Publish In: MSN. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/e-learning-how-covid-19-is-reshaping-education-in-nigeria/ar-BB12pMEd [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Hale T, Webster S, Petherick A, Phillips T, Kira B. Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, Blavatnik School of Government. 2020 March 21. In: Our World in Data. Oxford COVID-19 government response tracker. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/public-gathering-rules-covid?year=2020-08-26&time=2020-01-01.2020-08-04&region=Africa [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Lagos police command enforces ban on social gatherings to prevent spread of coronavirus. On 22 March 2020. In Vanguard. Available from: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/03/lagos-police-command-enforces-ban-on-social-gatherings-to-prevent-spread-of-coronavirus/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Donohue JM, Miller E. COVID-19 and School Closures. JAMA. 2020;324(9):845-847. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.13092 Sahara Reporters. Nigerian government lifts ban on religious gatherings, reduces curfew hours. On 1 June 2020. In: Sahara Reporters. Available from: http://saharareporters.com/2020/06/01/nigerian-government-lifts-ban-religious-gatherings-reduces-curfew-hours [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. COVID-19: Lagos reels out guidelines for reopening of Mosques, Churches. On 6 August 2020. In: Vanguard. Available from: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/08/covid-19-lagos-reels-out-guidelines-for-reopening-of-mosques-churches/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Vanguard. Porous borders, cause of rise in COVID-19 cases — FG. On 3 April 2020. In: Vanguard [internet]. Available from: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/04/porous-borders-cause-of-rise-in-covid-19-cases-fg/ [Accessed on 26 August 2020]. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-09-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/63 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.63 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 198-200 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/63/73 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/65 2021-07-13T06:48:48Z jidhealth:ART driver

Neck pain among smartphone users: an imminent public health issue during the pandemic time Mathew K V, Binoy Walarine, Maryelizabeth Tidiya Neck Pain, Smartphone, Overuse, COVID-19, Pandemics, Public Health, Primary Prevention COVID-19 Pandemic resulted in social mobility and travel restrictions to contain the infection. It has been reported that there happened post-pandemic surge in the use of the internet and social media as people rely on it more often for entertainment, work, and learning purposes. It is also been used as an unhealthy coping strategy for pandemic related stress. The smartphone was found to be the most common gadget used for accessing internet-based services. Owing to the postural alterations related to the small screen size of smartphones, neck pain was reported very commonly among smartphone users. Neck pain among smartphone users is a public health concern needing immediate attention in the pandemic time. Many of the risk factors leading to neck pain among smartphone users are modifiable. The authors outline preventive strategies that are mostly self- regulated. The strategies recommended include reducing Smartphone usage time (Smartphone-Free Time, Smartphone-Free Zone), maintaining ideal posture (Focus Breaks, Mobility Breaks, How am I keeping my posture?, Hands-free alternatives), doing regular exercises, preparing and following an activity schedule, and inculcating healthy habits.   References Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, Khan M, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, et al. World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int J Surg 2020; 76: 71–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034 Király O, Potenza MN, Stein DJ, King DL, Hodgins DC, Saunders JB, et al. Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 100:152180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152180 Sun Y, Li Y, Bao Y, Meng S, Sun Y, Schumann G, et al. Brief Report: Increased Addictive Internet and Substance Use Behavior During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in China. Am J Addict 2020 ;29(4):268–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13066   Varga E. How does the Internet Influences the Readers’ Behavior. Procedia Manuf. 2020; 46:949–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.05.013 Zhuang L, Wang L, Xu D, Wang Z, Liang R. Association between excessive smartphone use and cervical disc degeneration in young patients suffering from chronic neck pain. J Orthop Sci. 2020; https://doi.org/1016/j.jos.2020.02.009 Davey S, Davey A. Assessment of smartphone addiction in indian adolescents: a mixed method study by systematic-review and meta-analysis approach. Int J Prev Med.2014;5(12):1500–11. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25709785 Smetaniuk P. A preliminary investigation into the prevalence and prediction of problematic cell phone use. J Behav Addict 2014 Mar;3(1):41–53. https://doi.org/1556/JBA.3.2014.004 Lee H, Seo MJ, Choi TY. The Effect of Home-based Daily Journal Writing in Korean Adolescents with Smartphone Addiction. J Korean Med Sci. 2016;31(5):764. https://doi.org/3346/jkms.2016.31.5.764 Yu S, Sussman S. Does Smartphone Addiction Fall on a Continuum of Addictive Behaviors? Int J Environ Res Public Health.2020;17(2):422. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020422.10. Kwon M, Kim D-J, Cho H, Yang S. The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PLoS One2013;8(12): e83558. https://doi.org/1371/journal.pone.0083558 Ding D, Li J. Smartphone Overuse – A Growing Public Health Issue. J Psychol Psychother.2017;07(289):1-3. https://doi.org/0.4172/2161-0487.1000289 Boumosleh JM, Jaalouk D. Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students- A cross sectional study. PLoS One 2017;12(8): e0182239. https://doi.org/1371/journal.pone.0182239 Xie Y, Szeto G, Dai J. Prevalence and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal complaints among users of mobile handheld devices: A systematic review. Appl Ergon.2017 Mar;59:132–42. https://doi.org/1016/j.apergo.2016.08.020 Alsalameh AM, Harisi MJ, Alduayji MA, Almutham AA, Mahmood FM. Evaluating the relationship between smartphone addiction/overuse and musculoskeletal pain among medical students at Qassim University. J Fam Med Prim care. 2019;8(9):2953–9. https://doi.org/4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_665_19 Toh SH, Coenen P, Howie EK, Smith AJ, Mukherjee S, Mackey DA, et al. A prospective longitudinal study of mobile touch screen device use and musculoskeletal symptoms and visual health in adolescents. Appl Ergon. 2020; 85:103028. https://doi.org/1016/j.apergo.2019.103028 Lee S, Kang H, Shin G. Head flexion angle while using a smartphone. Ergonomics. 2015 Feb 17;58(2):220–6. https://doi.org/1080/00140139.2014.967311 Guan X, Fan G, Chen Z, Zeng Y, Zhang H, Hu A, et al. Gender difference in mobile phone use and the impact of digital device exposure on neck posture. Ergonomics. 2016;59(11):1453–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2016.1147614 Han H, Shin G. Head flexion angle when web-browsing and texting using a smartphone while walking. Appl Ergon. 2019; 81:102884. https://doi.org/1016/j.apergo.2019.102884 Singla D, Veqar Z. Association between forward head, rounded shoulders, and increased thoracic kyphosis: a review of the literature. J Chiropr Med. 2017;16(3):220–9. https://doi.org/1016/j.jcm.2017.03.004 Park J-H, Kang S-Y, Lee S-G, Jeon H-S. The effects of smart phone gaming duration on muscle activation and spinal posture: Pilot study. Physiother Theory Pract. 2017;33(8):661–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2017.1328716 Xie Y, Szeto GPY, Dai J, Madeleine P. A comparison of muscle activity in using touchscreen smartphone among young people with and without chronic neck–shoulder pain. Ergonomics. 2016;59(1):61–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1056237 Hansraj KK. Assessment of stresses in the cervical spine caused by posture and position of the head. Surg Technol Int. 2014; 25:277–9. Li W, Yang Y, Liu Z-H, Zhao Y-J, Zhang Q, Zhang L, et al. Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(10):1732–8. https://doi.org/7150/ijbs.45120 Namwongsa S, Puntumetakul R, Neubert MS, Boucaut R. Factors associated with neck disorders among university student smartphone users. Work. 2018;61(3):367–78. https://doi.org/3233/WOR-182819 Ko P-H, Hwang Y-H, Liang H-W. Influence of smartphone use styles on typing performance and biomechanical exposure. Ergonomics. 2016;59(6):821–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1088075 Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-09-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/65 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.65 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 201-204 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/65/74 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/66 2021-07-13T06:48:47Z jidhealth:ART driver

Infection prevention and control (IPC) at a Lassa fever treatment center before and after the implementation of an intensive IPC program Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Ayodeji, Oladele Olufemi Bakare, Ayobami A. Adedosu, Nelson Adeagbo, Anthonia Odutayo, Adedamola Ayun, Felix Olugbenga Bello, Ayomide E. Infection Prevention and Control, Lassa Fever, Control Assessment Framework, IPC programs, Nigeria Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) programs are important to control the Lassa Fever (LF) outbreak. We reported IPC's status at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, southwest Nigeria, before and after implementing the IPC program during a surge in the LF outbreak. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal observational study among five health care professionals at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, between February 2019 and May 2019 using the IPC Assessment Framework (IPCAF). The tool has eight core components with a score of 0-100 per component and provided a baseline assessment of the IPC program and evaluation after three months. We interviewed relevant unit heads and IPC committee members in the first phase. In the second phase, we designed and implemented the IPC program, and in the third phase, we conducted a repeat interview similar to the first phase. The program initiated included training healthcare workers and providing relevant IPC items according to identified gaps and available funding. Results: We interviewed five health care professionals, two female nurses, and three male doctors responsible for organizing and implementing IPC activities at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, with an in-depth understanding of IPC activities.  The overall IPC level score increased from 318.5 at baseline to 545 at three months later. IPC improvements were reported in all the components, with IPC education and training [baseline (20), final (70)], IPC guidelines [baseline (50), final (92.5)] and monitoring/audits of IPC practices and feedback [baseline (40), final (82.5)] recording the highest improvements. Healthcare-associated infection [baseline (10), final (25)], and built environment, materials, and equipment for IPC [baseline (43.5), final (55)] had the least improvement. Poor motivation to adopt recommended changes among hospital staff were major issues preventing improvements. Conclusion: Promotion of IPC program and activities should be implemented at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo.   References World Health Organization, WHO. Lassa fever. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/lassa-fever/#tab=tab_1. [Accessed on 11 October 2020] Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. Lassa fever. Available from: https://ncdc.gov.ng/diseases/factsheet/47. [Accessed on 11 October 2020]. World Health Organization, WHO. Lassa fever. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lassa-fever. [Accessed on 11 October 2020]. Ijarotimi IT, Ilesanmi OS, Aderinwale A, Abiodun-Adewusi O, Okon IM. Knowledge of Lassa fever and use of infection prevention and control facilities among health care workers during Lassa fever outbreak in Ondo state, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2018; 30:1-13. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2018.30.56.13125 Mateer EJ, Huang C, Shehu NY, Paessler S. Lassa fever–induced sensorineural hearing loss: A neglected public health and social burden. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018;12(2):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006187 Ijarotimi I., Oladejo J., Nasidi A, Jegede O. Lassa fever in the State Specialist Hospital Akure, Nigeria: Case report, Contact tracing and outcome of hospital contacts. Int J Infect Trop Dis. 2016;3(1):20-28. https://doi.org/10.14194/ijitd.3.1.4 Ireye F, Ejiyere H, Aigbiremolen AO, Famiyesin OE, Rowland-Udoh EA, Ogeyemhe CO, Okudo I, Onimisi AB. Knowledge, attitude and infection prevention and control practices regarding Lassa fever among healthcare workers in Edo State, Nigeria. Int J Prev Treat. 2019;8(1):21-27. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijpt.20190801.03 World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control assessment framework at the facility level. 2018; 2016:1-15. Available from: https://www.who.int/infection-prevention/tools/core-components/IPCAF-facility.PDF?ua=1 [Accessed on 11 October 2020]. World Health Organization, WHO. Communicable disease surveillance and response systems - Guide to monitoring and evaluating. Epidemic and pandemic alert and response. Published online 2006:90. doi: rr5305a1 [pii] Ousman K, Kabego L, Talisuna A, Diaz J, Mbuyi J, Houndjo B, et al. The impact of Infection Prevention and control (IPC) bundle implementation on IPC compliance during the Ebola virus outbreak in Mbandaka/Democratic Republic of the Congo: A before and after design. BMJ Open. 2019;9(9):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029717 Nzinga J, Mbindyo P, Mbaabu L, Warira A, English M. Documenting the experiences of health workers expected to implement guidelines during an intervention study in Kenyan hospitals. Implement Sci. 2009;4(1):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-4-44. Ataiyero Y, Dyson J, Graham M. Barriers to hand hygiene practices among health care workers in sub-Saharan African countries: A narrative review. Am J Infect Control. 2019 May;47(5):565-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.09.014. Gilbert GL, Kerridge I. The politics and ethics of hospital infection prevention and control: a qualitative case study of senior clinicians’ perceptions of professional and cultural factors that influence doctors’ attitudes and practices in a large Australian hospital. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019; 19(212). https://doi.org/1186/s12913-019-4044-y.   Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-10-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/66 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss3.66 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 3 (2020); 213-216 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/66/77 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/67 2021-07-13T06:48:46Z jidhealth:ART driver

The prevalence and risk of missing outcome data in prenatal vitamin D supplemented gestational diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol Saha, Sumanta Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevalence Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Vitamin D, Epidemiologic Biases, India Background: Missing outcome data in clinical trials are important determinants of internal validity; however, its burden and risk in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers supplemented with vitamin D remain poorly studied. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is proposed here to study it.  Methods: The English language publications, irrespective of its publication date, will be searched in electronic databases for randomized controlled trials studying the above outcome. The eligible trials will undergo the risk of bias assessment by the Cochrane tool. Data on its trial design, population characteristics, interventions compared, and the outcome will be abstracted. The prevalence and incidence (in risk ratio) of missing outcome data will be estimated meta-analytically. The statistical heterogeneity assessment will include the use of Chi2 and I2 statistics. For the explanation of any substantial heterogeneity, a meta-regression analysis will ensue. The statistical significance will be determined at P <0.05 and 95% CI. All analyses will be done in Stata statistical software. If the quantitative analysis is not possible, narrative reporting will happen. Results: The reporting of the review will follow the PRISMA guideline. Statistically significant pairwise meta-analysis finding's grading will occur by the GRADE approach. Conclusion: The proposed review will estimate the prevalence of missing outcome data in vitamin D supplemented GDM mothers in clinical trials and compare its risk with the placebo recipients. PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42020180634   References Quintanilla Rodriguez BS, Mahdy H. Gestational Diabetes. [Updated 2019 Dec 23]. StatPearls. Treasure Isl StatPearls Publ. 2020. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545196/ Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 190: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131: e49–64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29370047 Mack LR, Tomich PG. Gestational Diabetes: Diagnosis, Classification, and Clinical Care. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am [Internet]. 2017; 44:207–17. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28499531 Coustan DR. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Clin Chem. 2013; 59:1310–21. Available from: http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/doi/10.1373/clinchem.2013.203331 Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42: S165–72. Available from: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/doi/10.2337/dc19-S014 Saha S. Compliance and barriers to self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Int J Health Sci (Qassim).2019;13:44–52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31123440 Akbari M, Mosazadeh M, Lankarani K, Tabrizi R, Samimi M, Karamali M, et al. The effects of vitamin d supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in patients with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Horm Metab Res.Germany; 2017;49:647–53. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0043-115225 Saha S, Saha S. A comparison of the risk of cesarean section in gestational diabetes mellitus patients supplemented antenatally with vitamin D containing supplements versus placebo: A systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blinded randomized controlled trials. J Turkish-German Gynecol Assoc. 2020; 21:201–12. https://dx.doi.org/10.4274%2Fjtgga.galenos.2020.2019.0164 Saha SS, Saha SS. The risk of morbidities in newborns of antenatal vitamin D supplemented gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). Qassim University; 2020; 14:3–17. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7475207/ Saha S, Saha S. A Comparison of the Changes in Gestational Weight, Body Mass Index, and Serum Vitamin D Level in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients Complemented with Vitamin D in Contrast to Those Who Did Not Receive the Supplement: A Protocol for Systematic Review a. Int J Diabetes Metab. S. Karger AG; 2019; 25:74–9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000505269 Mavridis D, White IR. Dealing with missing outcome data in meta‐ Res Synth Methods.2020;11:2–13. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jrsm.1349 Higgins JPT GS (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. Cochrane Collab. 2011 [cited 2020 Aug 27]. Available from: https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/archive/v5.1/ Asemi Z, Hashemi T, Karamali M, Samimi M, Esmaillzadeh A. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose metabolism, lipid concentrations, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr.2013;98:1425–32. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.072785 Asemi Z, Karamali M, Esmaillzadeh A. Effects of calcium–vitamin D co-supplementation on glycaemic control, inflammation and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Diabetologia .2014;57:1798–806. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3293-x Institute of Medicine (US) Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D and Calcium. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Ross AC, Taylor CL, Yaktine AL, Del Valle HB, editors. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2011. Available from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=VF2aRQJ6IZ4C Gossman W, Chauhan K, Huecker MR. Vitamin D. StatPearls. 2019. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28722941 Curtis EM, Moon RJ, Harvey NC, Cooper C. Maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy. Br Med Bull. 2018; 126:57–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldy010 Knabl J, Vattai A, Ye Y, Jueckstock J, Hutter S, Kainer F, et al. Role of Placental VDR Expression and Function in Common Late Pregnancy Disorders. I Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(11):2340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112340 Yazdchi R, Gargari BP, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Sahhaf F. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic indices and hs-CRP levels in gestational diabetes mellitus patients: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutr Res Pract. 2016; 10:328. Available from: http://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4162/nrp.2016.10.3.328 Jamilian M, Samimi M, Ebrahimi FA, Hashemi T, Taghizadeh M, Razavi M, et al. The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid co-supplementation on glycemic control and lipid concentrations in patients with gestational diabetes. J Clin Lipidol. 2017; 11:459–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2017.01.011 Li Q, Xing B. Vitamin D3-Supplemented Yogurt Drink Improves Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profiles in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial. Ann Nutr Metab. 2016; 68:285–90. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447433 Karamali M, Bahramimoghadam S, Sharifzadeh F, Asemi Z. Magnesium–zinc–calcium–vitamin D co-supplementation improves glycemic control and markers of cardiometabolic risk in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2018; 43:565–70. Available from: http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/apnm-2017-0521 Hosseinzadeh-Shamsi-Anar M, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Salami M-A, Hadinedoushan H, Mozayan MR. The efficacy and safety of a high dose of vitamin d in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Iran J Med Sci. 2012; 37:159–65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23115447 Saha S. Impact of missingness on clinical trials on the effectiveness of antenatal vitamin D supplementation in gestational diabetes mellitus patients. J Ideas Heal. 2020; 3:138–9. https://doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.47 Saha S, Saha S. The variation in participant attrition between prenatal vitamin D supplemented and not supplemented gestational diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PROSPERO. 2020. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020180634 Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015; 4:1. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1 Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan—a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2016; 5:210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4 American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014;37 Suppl 1: S81-90. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-s081 Rossi G, American Diabetes Association. [Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus]. Recenti Prog Med. 2010; 101:274–6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20842952 Nyaga VN, Arbyn M, Aerts M. Metaprop: a Stata command to perform meta-analysis of binomial data. Arch Public Heal. 2014; 72:39. http://archpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2049-3258-72-39 Higgins JPT, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003; 327:557–60. http://www.bmj.com/cgi/doi/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 Atkins D, Best D, Briss PA, Eccles M, Falck-Ytter Y, Flottorp S, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2004; 328:1490. http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1490 Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol.2009;62: e1–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006   Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-10-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/67 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss3.67 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 3 (2020); 217-221 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/67/78 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/68 2021-07-13T06:48:46Z jidhealth:ART driver

Serratia Fonticola microbe presented as a community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI): a case report Katib, Atif Abdulhamid shaikhomar, Omar Dajam, Mazen Alqurashi, Laila Serratia Fonticola, Urinary Tract Infection, Female, Case Report, Community, Saudi Arabia Background: The case we are presenting is about one of the rare pathogens, Serratia Fonticola (SF) that may cause urinary tract infection.  Case Presentation: A 58 years-old female presented with dysuria, suprapubic pain, frequency of micturition, and change in urine color. The patient was afebrile on physical examination; however, the urine culture was positive to SF as the sole isolate. The patient received levofloxacin tables (750 mg) once a day for 5 days along with supportive instructions to improve hygiene. On follow-up, she was free of symptoms and the repeated urine culture was negative. Conclusion: This case can be considered globally the third that diagnosed in the urine culture of the asymptomatic patient.   References Geerlings SE. Clinical presentations and epidemiology of urinary tract infections. Microbiol. Spectr. 4, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555817404.ch2 Flores-Mireles AL, Walker JN, Caparon M, Hultgren SJ. Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015 May;13(5):269-84. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3432 Gavini F, Ferragut C, Izard D, Trinel PA, Leclerc H, Lefebvre B, Mossel DA. Serratia fonticola, a new species from water. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 1979;29(2):92-101. https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-29-2-92 Aljorayid A, Viau R, Castellino L, Jump RL. Serratia fonticola, pathogen or bystander? A case series and review of the literature. IDCases. 2016 May 24; 5:6-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2016.05.003 Müller HE. Isolation of Serratia fonticola from birds. Zentralblatt Bakteriol Mikrobiol Und Hyg - Abt 1 Orig A 1986; 261:212–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80038-4 Garcia ME, Lanzarot P, Costas E, Lopez Rodas V, Marín M, Blanco JL. Isolation of Serratia fonticola from skin lesions in a Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) with an associated septicaemia. Vet J. 2008 May;176(2):254-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.02.025. Bollet C, Gainnier M, Sainty JM, Orhesser P, De Micco P. Serratia Fonticola isolated from a leg abscess. J Clin Microbiol 1991; 29:834–5. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.29.4.834-835.1991 Farmer JJ 3rd, Davis BR, Hickman-Brenner FW, McWhorter A, Huntley-Carter GP, Asbury MA, Riddle C, Wathen-Grady HG, Elias C, Fanning GR, et al. Biochemical identification of new species and biogroups of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Jan;21(1):46-76. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.21.1.46-76.1985 Stock I, Burak S, Sherwood KJ, Gruger T, Wiedemann B. Natural antimicrobial susceptibilities of strains of 'unusual' Serratia species: S. ficaria, S. fonticola, S. odorifera, S. plymuthica and S. rubidaea. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;51(4):865-85. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkg156. Gorret J, Chevalier J, Gaschet A, Fraisse B, Violas P, Chapuis M, Anne JG. Childhood delayed septic arthritis of the knee caused by Serratia fonticola. Knee 2009; 16 (6):512–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2009.02.008 Hai PD, Hoa LTV, Tot NH, Phuong LL, Quang VV, Thuyet BT, Son PN. First report of biliary tract infection caused by multidrug-resistant Serratia fonticola. New Microbes New Infect. 2020; 36:100692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100692 Conclusion: This case can be considered globally the third that diagnosed in the urine culture of the asymptomatic patient. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-10-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/68 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss3.68 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 3 (2020); 226-227 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/68/80 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/69 2021-07-13T06:48:47Z jidhealth:ART driver

The sequel to COVID-19: the antithesis to life Bhandari, Sudhir Shaktawat, Ajit Singh Patel, Bhoopendra Dube, Amitabh Kakkar, Shivankan Tak, Amit Gupta, Jitendra Rankawat, Govind Psychosocial, Mental Health, COVID-19, Social Isolation, Quarantine, Infodemic, India The pandemic of COVID-19 has afflicted every individual and has initiated a cascade of directly or indirectly involved events in precipitating mental health issues. The human species is a wanderer and hunter-gatherer by nature, and physical social distancing and nationwide lockdown have confined an individual to physical isolation. The present review article was conceived to address psychosocial and other issues and their aetiology related to the current pandemic of COVID-19. The elderly age group has most suffered the wrath of SARS-CoV-2, and social isolation as a preventive measure may further induce mental health issues. Animal model studies have demonstrated an inappropriate interacting endogenous neurotransmitter milieu of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and opioids, induced by social isolation that could probably lead to observable phenomena of deviant psychosocial behavior. Conflicting and manipulated information related to COVID-19 on social media has also been recognized as a global threat. Psychological stress during the current pandemic in frontline health care workers, migrant workers, children, and adolescents is also a serious concern. Mental health issues in the current situation could also be induced by being quarantined, uncertainty in business, jobs, economy, hampered academic activities, increased screen time on social media, and domestic violence incidences. The gravity of mental health issues associated with the pandemic of COVID-19 should be identified at the earliest. Mental health organization dedicated to current and future pandemics should be established along with Government policies addressing psychological issues to prevent and treat mental health issues need to be developed.   References World Health Organization (WHO) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. Available at: https://covid19.who.int/ [Accessed on 23 August 2020] Sim K, Chua HC. The psychological impact of SARS: a matter of heart and mind. CMAJ. 2004; 170:811e2. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.1032003. Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, Fan B, Kong J, Yao Z, et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiatr. 2009; 54:302e11. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370905400504. Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. 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Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/keep-connected/2020/apr/23/lockdown-made-me-realise-whats-important-meet-the-families-reconnecting-remotely. (Accessed on 23 August 2020) Bilefsky D, Yeginsu C. Of ‘Covidivorces’ and ‘Coronababies’: Life During a Lockdown. N. Y. Times; 2020. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/27/world/coronavirus-lockdown-relationships.html [Accessed on 23 August 2020] Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-10-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/69 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.69 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 205-212 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/69/75 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/71 2021-07-13T06:48:45Z jidhealth:ART driver

Treatment of coronavirus disease 2019: a comprehensive review Sosyal, Damla Ozmen, Ozge Bektay, Muhammed Yunus Izzettin, Fikret Vehbi COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic, Social Isolation, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmaceutical care, Turkey The new type of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and can be transmitted from human to human. COVID-19, which has been declared as a pandemic by the world health organization and is infected with more than 50 million people, is also responsible for the death of more than 1 million people. There is no sufficient data from randomized clinical trials that any potential treatment improves outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, antivirals such as favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, immunomodulatory agents tocilizumab, siltuximab, and sarilumab, and anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids are used for the treatment of COVID-19. Repurposing drugs can provide new treatment options faster than discovering new drugs due to the known safety profiles of existing drugs. On the other hand, there are new drug and vaccine trials for COVID-19. Many researchers, governmental or non-governmental institutions having clinical trials for COVID-19 drugs and vaccines. In this comprehensive review, we investigate the clinical features, management, and treatment of COVID-19 and possible adverse effects and important information related to drugs used for COVID-19. For future preparedness and readiness, new laws and legislations should be constituted. Besides, emergency teams and budgets should be prepared as well. . Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/71 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss4.71 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 4 (2020); 228-242 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/71/81 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/72 2021-07-13T06:48:47Z jidhealth:ART driver

The second wave of COVID-19 is knocking at the doors: have we learned the lesson? Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed COVID-19, Lesson, Second Wave, Pandemic In light of escalating rates of COVID-19 cases, the world stands stunned. The health, social, and global economic situation continues to deteriorate. The seriousness of the situation became evident to most people, yet no one had a radical solution. Scientifically, there is no sure treatment for viral infections other than strengthening the immune system. Therefore, the idea of ​​a vaccine is the most appropriate to reduce infections. However, vaccines will not be accessible to everyone, considering the genetic changes that the virus may create later. The idea of ​​re-imposing a global quarantine, with international leadership for a limited period, is emerging as a strategic alternative, on the condition that it should be launched simultaneously in all countries of the world. To ensure the quarantine's success, all countries must adhere to the comments of the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.   References World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV) SITUATION REPORT –1, 21 JANUARY 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf [Accessed on 08 October 2020]. Fani M, Teimoori A, Ghafari S. Comparison of the COVID-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogenesis with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections. Future Virol. 2020:10.2217/fvl-2020-0050. https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2020-0050 Ali Jadoo, SA. Was the world ready to face a crisis like COVID-19? Journal of Ideas in Health2020;3(1):123-4. https://doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss1.45 Worldometer, Coronavirus Cases. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/? [Accessed on 08 October 2020] Cyranoski D. Profile of a killer: the complex biology powering the coronavirus pandemic. Nature, 04 MAY 2020. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01315-7 [Accessed on 08 October 2020]. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Considerations for Wearing Masks Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover-guidance.html [Accessed on 08 October 2020]. Atalan A. Is the lockdown important to prevent the COVID-9 pandemic? Effects on psychology, environment and economy-perspective. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2020; 56:38-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2020.06.010. Gewin V. On the front lines of the coronavirus-vaccine battle. Nature; 2020 Apr 16. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01116-y [Accessed on 08 October 2020]. Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, Jones FK, Zheng Q, Meredith HR, Azman AS, Reich NG, Lessler J. The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172(9):577-582. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0504. Acter T, Uddin N, Das J, Akhter A, Choudhury TR, Kim S. Evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: A global health emergency. Sci Total Environ. 2020; 730:138996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138996. Ali Jadoo SA. COVID -19 pandemic is a worldwide typical biopsychosocial crisis. Journal of Ideas in Health2020;3(2):152-4. https://doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss2.58. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-10-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/72 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.IssSpecial1.72 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special1 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- September 2020; 183-184 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/72/76 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/73 2021-07-13T06:48:46Z jidhealth:ART driver

Effect of concomitant HIV infection on adverse drug reactions by first line antitubercular drugs - a case series analysis Bansal, Alka Sharma, Lokendra Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR), TB-HIV Co-infection, First Line Antitubercular Drugs (FLD), Pharmacovigilance Programme, India The pattern and severity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to first-line anti-tubercular drugs in solely tubercular and TB-HIV co-infected patients could be different due to drug-disease and drug-drug interactions in TB-HIV co-infected patients. Nevertheless, the studies regarding this aspect are very meager. Hence a retrospective appraisal of individual case safety reports (ICSR) due to first-line antitubercular drugs spontaneously submitted to the ADR monitoring center was done for solely tubercular and TB-HIV coinfected patients. Out of eight ICSRs, four had concomitant HIV infection, and two of them were on antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Co-infected patients showed rare and severe ADRs like optic neuritis, acute renal failure, and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). In contrast, four non-HIV co-infected tubercular patients suffered from comparatively less severe cutaneous reactions and vertigo. A high negative (-0.774) correlation coefficient between HIV co-infection and recovery status found that HIV co-infected patients had low chances of fully recovering. In conclusion, HIV co-infection and ARV drugs can affect the pattern, severity, and recovery status of adverse drug reactions due to first-line antitubercular drugs. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-10-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/73 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss3.73 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 3 (2020); 222-225 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/73/79 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/75 2021-07-13T06:48:45Z jidhealth:ART driver

Conundrums of the second line health care workers during the time of a pandemic: analytical solutions based on the experience from a developing country Paul, Akhil COVID 19, Health care workers, Pandemic, India The COVID 19 pandemic has affected the entire world, and it is continuing to spread morbidity, mortality, and chaos. The second line of health care workers who are not treating the COVID 19 infected patients also plays a significant role during this pandemic by treating other diseases and screening for COVID 19 infection. Nevertheless, many of them still struggle to identify and understand their role, lost between the idea of self-protection and principles of medical ethics. This article is trying to break the ice by solving a few common conundrums based on India's experiences. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/75 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss4.75 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 4 (2020); 243-247 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/75/82 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/76 2021-07-13T06:48:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

Pandemic effect on the elderly and their caregivers Walarine, Maryelizabeth Tidiya K V, Binoy Mathew Caregiver, Coping, COVID-19, Elderly, Pandemic, Prevention, Stress, India COVID-19 pandemic forced governments to enact mobility restrictions to contain the spread of infection. Elderly, especially those with co-morbidities, are highly susceptible to infections. Hence, reverse quarantine measures have been enacted to protect the elderly. The barriers in social connectedness have an impact on the mental and physical well-being of the elderly. Stress, anxiety, anger, confusion, depression, and suicidal tendencies are reported among the elderly kept in social isolation. Apart from the elderly, their family caregivers also go through similar physical and psycho-social stress. Many times, the caregivers are also having additional responsibilities of childcare and homeschooling during the pandemic time. The authors outline the various intricate issues and dimensions of the pandemic's effect on the elderly and their caregivers. Various feasible strategies to address these multidimensional problems faced by the elderly and their caregivers during the pandemic time, like mobile-based mindfulness meditation training, spiritual support, telephone-based psychotherapy, telehealth services, physical exercise promotion, and social support measures, are recommended.   Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/76 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss4.76 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 4 (2020); 248-251 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/76/83 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/78 2021-07-13T06:48:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

The new norm in the management of COVID-19 positives: home-based care Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Oguntoye, Abolanle Adesile Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika COVID-19; Home-based care, COVID-19 positives, Management of COVID-19 positives, Nigeria. Background: The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has disrupted health systems globally and locally. The increasing number of COVID-19 positives has overwhelmed healthcare facilities and health workers. Home-based care (HBC) is a new norm in the management of COVID-19 positives. We aimed to give insight into the HBC of COVID-19 positives in Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a descriptive review of the existing literature and summarized the authors' opinions regarding HBC in Nigeria. Results: HBC has increasingly gained recognition for the management of COVID-19 positives. The HBC of COVID-19 positives provides the opportunity for patient management under an atmosphere of emotional, physical, and spiritual fulfillment as required for quick recovery. Guidelines have been developed for HBC of COVID-19 positives; however, negligence to these measures has been noted. Conclusion: To ensure compliance and harness HBC's benefits, community leaders, religious organizations, civil-based organizations, and opinion leaders should be actively involved in HBC activities. Also, enforcement authorities such as the Civil Defence Corps could help to improve adherence to HBC restrictions. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/78 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss4.78 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 4 (2020); 252-253 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/78/84 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/79 2021-07-13T06:48:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

To which extent a convalescent plasma therapy could be a benefit for COVID-19 patients? Ali, Abdelmonem Abuelhassan, Ahmed Fawzi, Ebtehal Albasher, Alfatih Elbasheer, Sheima Suliman, Nagia Elhussein, Alaa Ali, Mayada Convalescence plasma, COVID-19, Transfusion, Neutralizing Antibodies The emergence of an unprecedented pandemic SARS-COV-2 caused perplexed in the medical community because of a high infection rate and rising mortality among COVID-19 patients. Till now, there is no particular treatment for the disease; nevertheless, there is an extensive effort from scientists to find out an immediate therapeutic plan to show how to deal with the current situation. One of the solutions currently presented is Convalescence plasma (CP). Through this narrative review, we will shed light on CP's efficiency as a therapeutic agent for COVID-19, especially there is no proven vaccine or antiviral available up to date. CP could be considered one of the therapeutic approaches, but some limitations are still considered before it is established as a therapeutic agent. Along with evaluating CP from blood donors, the plasma companies could take future steps by manufacturing a target dose of globulins that contain standardized antibody, to reach the terms of health setting administering therapy. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-11-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/79 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol3.Iss4.79 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. 4 (2020); 254-257 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/79/85 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/81 2022-01-21T16:24:32Z jidhealth:ART driver

Concerns and confidences expressed by teaching staff about the shift of medical education to online mode in South India during the COVID 19 pandemic Rafi, Aboobacker Mohammed Varghese, Pulikkottil Raphael Kuttichira, Praveenlal COVID 19, Pandemic, Teaching Staff, Concerns, Online Medical Education, Kerala, India Background: Online education is prevalent in the country since the beginning of the 21st century. The outbreak of COVID-19, the government declared lockdown, and subsequent closing of institutions was unexpected, and it forced medical colleges to launch online programs for undergraduate courses. Due to the sudden shifting to online mode, most teaching staff members face the challenges of lacking online teaching experience, early preparation, or support from educational technology teams. This institution was in touch with the teachers and students through online mode, enquiring about their welfare and wellness. The present study focuses on concerns and confidences presented by the medical teaching staff on online medical education.  Method: This study was conducted at Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, a medical college in central Kerala in south India. This institution conducted online classes for undergraduate (UG) medical students through Google classroom and YouTube platforms. There was 186 teaching staff from 21 departments involved in undergraduate (MBBS) teaching in this Institute. In this study, we collected information from the teaching staff about the online classes that they handled. A 27-point survey form was designed using a Google survey and mailed to them. The responses were collected in a week. The data collected was analyzed. Result: Fifty-one members responded. All responding teachers preferred regular classroom teaching due to the provision for better teacher-student interaction. However, one-third of respondents wanted the continuation of online classes, even after resuming classroom teaching. Out of 51 responses, 24 teachers graded the success of the programs more than 90%. The major suggestions received for further improvement of the program were that the departments provided their hardware and software, centralized online sessions for practical purposes, and collected regular feedback from students. Conclusion: The successes of our online teaching programs were limited to didactic teaching only. It could not replace the actual patient examination in a clinical setting, which involves communication skills and emotional relationships. This adversary must be converted into an opportunity to develop e-learning programs. This pandemic should open our eyes, so we learn from it and be better prepared for the future. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/81 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 272-275 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/81/89 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/82 2021-07-13T06:48:40Z jidhealth:ART driver

Covid-19 in Iraq: an estimated cost to treat patients at a private clinic Alhusseiny, Adil Hassan Latif, Ismail Ibrahim Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Covid-19, Private Clinic, Interleukin-6, Protocol, Estimated Cost, Diyala, Iraq The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic extended to health, social and economic aspects of human life. The international failure to combat this crisis has left many countries suffering under the influence of successive waves of the pandemic. In this report, we present a private medical clinic's experience dealing with the COVID-19 epidemic in Iraq. The adopted protocol to treat COVID-19 patients has briefly been discussed with an estimated cost of treatment in the private sector. We found that most COVID-19 patients recovered from the disease, except for cases that were associated with co-morbidities. The cost of treatment in the private sector is expensive, and most infected people could not afford it without public sector support. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-03-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/82 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss1.82 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021); 304-306 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/82/96 Copyright (c) 2021 Adil Hassan Alhusseiny, Ismail Ibrahim Latif, Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/83 2022-01-21T16:24:32Z jidhealth:ART driver

Monsoon vicissitude in COVID-19 and the vulnerable Indian health care system: an urgent call to circumvent the impending doom Gondode, Prakash Gyandev Lambe, Abhinav Vilas Asai, Omshubham Gangadhar COVID-19, Dengue, Endemic Diseases, Malaria, Monsoon, India With the escalating number of covid-19 positive cases and amidst the glooming shadows of an anticipated second wave of the covid-19 pandemic, the health care system of a developing country like India is already under pressure. With the encroachment of monsoon season, the ghosts of the past haunt India. Monsoon brings along endemic diseases like dengue, malaria, swine flu, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, etc. Every year there is significant morbidity and mortality. These diseases have clinical features of fever, sore throat, and body aches in common, which also happens to be the common manifestations of covid-19. The growing stigma related to COVID-19, the fake news, and fear related to hospitalization and isolation may lead to low reporting cases to the hospitals. Lockdown and non-availability of beds may perplex the situation further. There is an urgent need of the hour to address this grave issue to prevent a major mishappening. A comprehensive evaluation of the health-care systems is desperately needed, especially on the fronts of governance, decision making, scientific and technical advice, and operational capacity.  Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/83 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 266-267 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/83/87 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/85 2021-07-13T06:48:41Z jidhealth:ART driver

Sex differences on the contextual factors and physical activity levels among the Nigerian people during the COVID-19 Adeyemo, Oladotun Sunday Sofoluwe, Nurudeen Afolabi Ganiyu, Yinusa Olumuyiwa Ibrahim, Odusanya Abidemi Oyeyinka, Oyelami, Lukman COVID-19, Physical Activity, Contextual Measures, Sex Differences, Coronavirus, Nigeria Background: In the context of flattening the curve of the spread of coronavirus in Nigeria, some factors were considered. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between some of the considered factors and physical activity and investigate sex differences on physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic in Nigeria.  Methods: The study was cross-sectional using an online survey and recruited participants from Nigeria's southwest geopolitical zone through the snowball sampling technique. Descriptive statistics (such as percentages), correlation analyses, and t-test of independent measures were used to analyze the data collected. The data collection was conducted from April to June 2020. Results: The participants' age ranges from 18 to 73years, with a mean age of 42.9 years, a median of 43years, and a standard deviation of 5.41. The result showed a significant difference between males and females (x ̅= 1001.21; SD=1371.83) on moderate physical activity during the pandemic in Nigeria. However, there was no significant relationship between contextual factors; perception of the spread [r (467) =0.028; P>0.05], fear of contracting COVID-19 [r (467) =0.041; P>0.05], stay at home measures [r (467) =-0.030; P>0.05], sensitizing others about COVID-19 [r (467) =-0.044; P>0.05], compliance with safety rules and regulations [r (467) =0.052; P>0.05] and overall physical activity. Conclusion: The study concluded that the relationship between contextual variables and physical activity among Nigerian people during the COVID-19 pandemic is not significant. Secondly, males and females are not different on vigorous and walking physical activity levels. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-03-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/85 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss1.85 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021); 293-297 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/85/93 Copyright (c) 2021 Oladotun Sunday Adeyemo, Nurudeen Afolabi Sofoluwe, Yinusa Olumuyiwa Ganiyu, Odusanya Abidemi Ibrahim, Oyelami, Lukman Oyeyinka

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/86 2022-01-21T16:24:32Z jidhealth:ART driver

What is going wrong in health research investment? post-pandemic lessons and the need for change Bouzidi, Ramzi COVID-19, Post-pandemic, Lessons, Tunisia The emergence of a new dimension of consciousness after the COVID-19 pandemic might provide an opportunity to highlight gaps and inequalities in health research investment and to mobilize scientific and public opinion to change the way things are done. This analysis considers some lessons learned from the pandemic crisis concerning the priority of global health research, research in prevention and well-being, and international research cooperation. The question raised by these issues concerns the unfairness of health research funding, mainly dominated by the pharmaceutical and device industries. However, evidence shows that these companies shifted funding to late-phase clinical trials and away from innovation activity and global health priorities. On the other hand, public institutions continue to invest in basic science, with the majority of funds still focused on basic research and innovation. This direct relationship between industry and biomedical research disrupts the reliability of findings and biases the evidence. Several initiatives and efforts are shaping pathways towards health research independence from industry funding. We can propose the idea of industry funding without a direct relationship with researchers through a common pot managed by an independent international agency. Nevertheless, to promote publicly funded research, the scientific community must strengthen its position compared to industry-funded research through transparency and the scientific value of publications.  Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/86 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 268-271 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/86/88 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/87 2022-01-21T16:24:32Z jidhealth:ART driver

Infectious serology, how to test large series without pooling samples Bennaoum, Mohammed Nazim Adda, Affaf Chekkal, Mohamed Seghier, Fatima ELISA, pooling sera, infectious serology, Algeria Pooling samples for serological testing was used first during the second world war. It was described later as a cost-effective technique permitting large screening of populations, especially for new infectious diseases. However, the dilution effect is responsible for decreasing sensitivity, limiting its use in practice, especially in blood banking. In this paper, we describe a modification of the classic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure, which permits the test of indefinite samples using just one well. Specimens are tested pure one by one without any dilution, so sensitivity remains unchanged. This new procedure is time-consuming but can be considered as a revolution in qualitative ELISA testing. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/87 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 276-277 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/87/90 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/88 2022-01-21T16:24:32Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evidence-based decision making and covid-19: what a posteriori probability distributions speak Bhandari, Sudhir Shaktawat, Ajit Singh Tak, Amit Shukla, Jyotsna Patel, Bhoopendra Singhal, Sanjay Gupta, Jitentdra Kakkar, Shivankan Dube, Amitabh Dia, Sunita Dia, Mahendra Wehner, Todd C. COVID-19, a posteriori Probability Distributions, Epidemiology, Evidence-Based Decision Making, Public Health, SARS CoV-2, India Background: In the absence of any pharmaceutical interventions, the management of the COVID-19 pandemic is based on public health measures. The present study fosters evidence-based decision making by estimating various “a posteriori probability distributions" from COVID-19 patients.  Methods: In this retrospective observational study, 987 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients from SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India, were enrolled after approval of the institutional ethics committee. The data regarding age, gender, and outcome were collected. The univariate and bivariate distributions of COVID-19 cases with respect to age, gender, and outcome were estimated. The age distribution of COVID-19 cases was compared with the general population's age distribution using the goodness of fit c2 test. The independence of attributes in bivariate distributions was evaluated using the chi-square test for independence. Results: The age group ‘25-29’ has shown highest probability of COVID-19 cases (P [25-29] = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.12- 0.16). The men (P [Male] = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.59-0.65) were dominant sufferers. The most common outcome was recovery (P [Recovered] = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.76-0.81) followed by admitted cases (P [Active]= 0.13, 95%CI: 0.11-0.15) and death (P [Death] = 0.08, 95%CI: 0.06-0.10). The age distribution of COVID-19 cases differs significantly from the age distribution of the general population (c2  =399.04, P < 0.001). The bivariate distribution of COVID-19 across age and outcome was not independent (c2 =106.21, df = 32, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge of disease frequency patterns helps in the optimum allocation of limited resources and manpower. The study provides information to various epidemiological models for further analysis. Journal of Ideas in Health 2020-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/88 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 3 No. Special2 (2020): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- December 2020; 286-292 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/88/91 Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Ideas in Health

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/89 2021-07-13T06:48:39Z jidhealth:ART driver

A cross-sectional study of socio-demographic and clinical profile of HIV patients at ART plus centre, Sawai Man Singh Hospital, Jaipur, India Jain, Charu Sharma, Lokendra Advani, Uma Kumar, Munesh Tak, Amit Jain, Monica Clinical Profile HIV, Socio-demographic Profile HIV, Opportunistic Infection, Antiretroviral Therapy, India Background: This study aimed to understand the regional variation in the socio-demographic and clinical profile of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients at antiretroviral therapy plus centre of Sawai Man Singh (SMS) hospital, Jaipur, India.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on HIV patients from January to December 2019. The HIV-positive patients of all age groups and all categories were included in the study. The socio-economic status was assessed by BG Prasad classification-based consumer price index. However, the clinical staging was done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of HIV/AIDS. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Results: Among 525 HIV patients 59.16% were males, 40.26% females and 0.57% intersex. About half (51.0%) in the reproductive age group with mean age 36 ±13 years. The commonest mode of HIV transmission was heterosexual (89.77%). Maximum belonged to social class I (57.84%) and class II (26.05 %) of BG Prasad's socioeconomic status. Each of the non-agricultural laborers and semi-skilled workers constitutes 18.0%, and the housewives were 23.6%. At the time of presentation, baseline CD4+Tcell count was <350 /mm3 in 55.0% of HIV patients. Pulmonary tuberculosis and skin involvement were the most predominant secondary opportunistic infections accounting for 24.8% and 7.8%, respectively. More than half (52.09%) of patients were in WHO clinical stage I of HIV disease. Conclusion: Socio-demographic and clinical profile of study participants reflect an impact of early case detection and timely institution of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-03-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/89 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss1.89 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021); 321-326 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/89/98 Copyright (c) 2021 Charu Jain, Lokendra Sharma, Uma Advani, Munesh Kumar, Amit Tak, Monica Jain

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/92 2021-07-13T06:48:40Z jidhealth:ART driver

The use of mHealth solutions in active and healthy ageing promotion: an explorative scoping review Marcussen, Lina Marinus, Jesse David mHealth, Active and Health Aging, Health Promotion, Aging Society, Older Adults, Netherlands The global population aged 60 years and over is expected to almost double between 2015 and 2050 from 12.0% to 22.0%, which will directly impact countries' labor market composition and increase the economic pressure on their healthcare systems. One way to address these challenges is to promote Active and Healthy Ageing (AHA) using mobile Health (mHealth). This research aims to provide an initial overview of the width and the depth of contemporary preventive mHealth solutions that promote AHA among healthy, independent older adults (individuals aged 60 years and over). To do so, an explorative scoping review was applied to search online databases for recent studies (March 2015 - March 2020) addressing the promotion of mHealth solutions targeting healthy and independent older adults. We identified 31 publications that met the inclusion criteria. Most of them utilized either mobile (n=25) and/or wearable (n=11) devices. mHealth solutions mostly promoted AHA by targeting older adults’ active lifestyles or independence. Most of the studies (n=27) did not apply a theoretical framework on which the mHealth promotion was based. User-experience was positive (n=12) when the solution was easy to use but negative (n=11) when the participants were resistant or faced challenges using the device and/or technology. The review concludes that mHealth offers the opportunity to combat the issues faced by an unhealthy and dependent aging population by promoting AHA through focusing on older adults’ Lifestyle, Daily functioning, and Participation. Future research should use multidisciplinary integrated approaches and strong theoretical and methodological foundations to investigate mHealth solutions' impact on AHA behavioral change. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-03-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/92 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss1.92 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021); 307-320 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/92/97 Copyright (c) 2021 Lina Marcussen, Jesse David Marinus

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/97 2021-10-31T09:36:51Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Libyan people- a web-based cross-sectional study Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Danfour, Omer Mohamed Zerzah, Masud Abujazia, Mouna Abdelrahman Torun, Perihan Al-samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood COVID-19, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Public, Preventive Measures, Web-based, Libya Background: Successful plans in disaster and epidemics management depend on the feedback response and the assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the target population. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among Libyan people.  Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 among the Libyan people from 13-20 October 2020. A self-administered questionnaire was recruited to collect the data of 287 participants. SPSS version 16.0 was used to analyze the data using univariate and multivariable regression data analyses. Results: More than half of respondents were males (53.7%), married (61.3%), aged less than 45 years old, highly educated (46.3%), employed (44.6%), urban resident(79.8%), experience good or very good health (71.1%) and earned more than USD 200 monthly (84.3.%). The participants showed a high rate of good knowledge (81.0%), attitude (71.1%), and practice (83.7%) towards COVID-19, respectively. Regression analysis showed that married (P=0.056), female (P=0.037), living in the urban regions (P<0.001) with good income of more than USD 2020 (P=0.001) were significantly associated with upper knowledge score. Females (P=0.040) were more significantly associated with positive attitude scores than males. Regarding practice score, married (P=0.001), females (P=0.059) had better practice, but poor-rated health status (P=0.018) was significantly associated with the weak practice. Conclusion: The distinction of urban regions with good knowledge, optimistic attitudes, and acceptable practices towards COVID-19 determines the government's action compass towards more interest in supporting males, unhealthy, and those living in the rural areas with accurate and timely knowledge. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-04-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/97 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial1.97 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special1 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- April 2021; 348-356 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/97/103 Copyright (c) 2021 Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo, Omer Mohamed Danfour, Masud Zerzah, Mouna Abdelrahman Abujazia, Perihan Torun, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-samarrai, Shukr Mahmood Yaseen

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/98 2021-07-13T06:48:39Z jidhealth:ART driver

Investigating of fear of COVID-19 after pregnancy and association with breastfeeding Uzun, Asiye Öztürk, Güzin Zeren Bozkurt, Zeliha Çavuşoğlu, Mehmet SARS-CoV-2, Pandemics, Breastfeeding, Pregnancy, Fear of COVID-19, Istanbul, Turkey Background: COVID-19 pandemic has certainly become the most important global problem. Deficient information may increase the fear of COVID-19, affect pregnant women's psychology, and even affect breastfeeding during the postpartum period. This study aimed to assess the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic after pregnancy and its association with breastfeeding. Methods: A cross-sectional study designed to survey all pregnant women who gave birth at ≥36 weeks between March 10 and June 10, 2020, at the Private Nisa Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Participants respond to questions related to sociodemographic, genealogical, pregnancy, birth information, postpartum baby care, and breastfeeding status, in addition to the 7-item Fear of COVID-19 Scale (fcv-19s) via phone. Descriptive, bivariate, and linear regression analysis was performed to predict fcv-19s. SPSS version 22.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 906 (response rate 78.8%) respondents with a mean age of 29.59 (±4.74years) were included in the study. Most of them were highly educated (75.2%), housewives(86.1%), and living in nuclear families (96.1%). The majority of women (92.9%) gave birth at 38 weeks via cesarean section (71.7%) and breastfeeding (94.2%). Although the mean score of (fcv-19s) was high in non-breastfeeding mothers, no significant correlation was seen in bivariate analysis. In the linear regression analysis, the highly educated, good income status, having at least once follow-up a month, having a history of psychiatric disease, cesarean section delivery, competence in baby care, breastfeeding, and milk adequacy significantly predicted the (fcv-19s) (R = 0.67, R2 = 0.46, F = 42.10, p < 0.001). Conclusions: During pandemics, including COVID-19, the psychological state of society is negatively affected, and therefore special attention must be given to the most affected groups, especially pregnant and postpartum women. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-03-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/98 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss1.98 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021); 327-333 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/98/99 Copyright (c) 2021 Asiye Uzun, Güzin Zeren Öztürk, Zeliha Bozkurt, Mehmet Çavuşoğlu

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/99 2021-07-13T06:48:40Z jidhealth:ART driver

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in COVID-19 patients Saha, Sumanta Saha, Sujata Coronavirus Infection, COVID-19, Remdesivir, Randomized Controlled Trial, India Background: This systematic review compares the efficacy and safety of remdesivir between its recipient and non-recipient COVID-19 patients from the recently published randomized controlled trials (RCT).  Methods: For eligible trials comparing the above outcomes, a literature search took place in the PubMed database. The reviewed trials data were abstracted and critically appraised using the Cochrane tool. Then, a random-effect meta-analysis followed to compare the risk between the compared interventions in risk ratio (RR). By plying the I2 and Chi2 statistics, the heterogeneity estimation happened. A sensitivity analysis iterated the preliminary meta-analysis using a fixed-effect model. Results: Two eligible RCTs included in this review sourced data from about 833 COVID-19 patients from 115 hospitals in Asia, Europe, and the US. The risk of bias was primarily low. Random-effect meta-analysis suggested a clinical improvement (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16; P=0.02; I2: 0%) and decrease in the risk of any serious side effects (RR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.94; P<0.001; I2: 0%) in the remdesivir treated COVID-19 patients. The rest of the outcomes did not vary between the juxtaposed interventions. Conclusion: Evidence-based on early RCTs suggest that remdesivir is a clinically useful and safe drug to treat COVID-19 patients. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-03-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/99 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss1.99 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021); 298-303 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/99/94 Copyright (c) 2021 Sumanta Saha, Sujata Saha

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/100 2021-07-13T06:48:36Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evaluation of health system in Iraq from people's point of view: a comparative study of two different eras Ali Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Alhusseiny, Adil H. Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Mahmood, Anmar Shukur Health System, Reform, Point of View, People, Tow Decades, Invasion, Iraq Background: Since the 2003 United States–British coalition military invasion, Iraq has been in a state of continuous deterioration at all levels, including the health sector. This study aimed to elicit the viewpoints of the Iraqi people on the current health system, focusing on many provided health services and assessing whether the public prefers the current health system or that was provided before the invasion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey designed to explore the Iraqi people’s opinions on their health system. A self-administered questionnaire using a multi-stage sampling technique was distributed in five geographical regions in Iraq to collect the data from the head of household between 1st October and 31st of December 2019. Multiple logistic regressions were recruited to determine the significant contributing variables in this study. Results: A total of 365 heads of households (response rate: 86.1%) with the mean age of 48.36 + 11.92 years (ranged 35-78) included in the study. Most of the respondents (61.4%) complained of healthcare inaccessibility, 59.7% believed that health resources were not available, 53.7% claimed a deterioration in the quality of care, and 62.2% believed that the political / media position did not contribute to positive changes during the past two decades. Indeed, most respondents (66.0%) believe that the current healthcare system is worse than before. In the multivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant relationship between the characteristics and opinions of the respondents. Old age group (p = 0.003), men (p = < 0.001), married (p = 0.001), low educated (p = < 0.001), rural resident (p = < 0.001), unemployed (p = 0.003), monthly income of less than USD 400 (p = < 0.001), consider themselves to be unhealthy (p = 0.001),  and those who think that people are unhappy now than two decades ago (p = 0.012) have a more negative opinion of the health system. Conclusion: Most Iraqis surveyed expressed disappointment from the health system after the 2003 United States–British Coalition military invasion. The current health system is faltering at all levels and does not meet the citizens' basic needs. Health Transformation Program (HTP) has become inevitable to develop an accessible, affordable, high-quality, efficient, and effective health system. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-05-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/100 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss2.100 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021); 380-388 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/100/107 Copyright (c) 2021 Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo, Adil H. Alhusseiny, Shukr Mahmood Yaseen, Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-Samarrai, Anmar Shukur Mahmood

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/102 2021-07-13T06:48:39Z jidhealth:ART driver

Prioritization of resource allocation amid the COVID-19 outbreak response in Nigeria Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Akande, Abayomi Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika COVID-19, Health System, Resource Allocation, Health Resources, Nigeria The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the massive shortcomings of health systems globally, particularly in Nigeria with weak healthcare infrastructure, high population, and chronic high morbidity and mortality from the double burden of infectious and non-infectious causes. Many routine and elective services were suspended or withdrawn, and existing delivery approaches adapted to the evolving COVID-19 pandemic across all the states in Nigeria. Preventive programs such as screening were completely suspended. The vaccination schedules were missed for many children due to the closure of the immunization clinics. Many Nigerian children being liable to infections, alongside a reduction in the possibility of child survival. Funds to manage the COVID-19 pandemic were donated from internal organizations and corporate agencies. However, the modalities involved in the disbursement of these funds were not publicly revealed by the Nigerian government. Therefore, we recommend optimal allocation of inadequate health resources in ways that maximize health care delivery benefits to the greatest number of people, give priority to the worst off, ensure equality and promote continued care provision for non-COVID-19 conditions, including pregnancy and chronic conditions. To ensure the improved trust of Nigerians and donor agencies and organizations, accountability on all funds should be ensured by the Nigerian government. For this cause, such funds should be committed into the hands of trustworthy and expert finance managers and infectious disease experts. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-04-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/102 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial1.102 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special1 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- April 2021; 334-336 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/102/100 Copyright (c) 2021 Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Abayomi Akande, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/103 2021-07-13T06:48:38Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 pandemic among medical students of Ernakulam, India Kalliath, Jacob Davies Kizhatil, Anuradha Rose, Brilly M Kuncheria, Ann Mary John, Alexander COVID-19, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Medical students, Central Kerala, India Background: COVID – 19 infection is a serious pandemic the world is now facing. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 infection among medical students at a private medical college in central Kerala.  Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted during April-May 2020 in a private medical college in Ernakulam District using the Universal sampling technique. The study tool was a semi-structured validated questionnaire containing sociodemographic details and questions on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 infection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: A total of 288 students were included in the study, with a mean age of 21±1.4. The male-to-female ratio was 2.75:1. Medical students showed adequate knowledge (81.6%), attitude (91.3%), and practice (84.7%) towards the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The main symptoms of COVID-19 infection were known to at least 83% of the participants. The majority (85.4%) were aware that there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 infection and 90% were aware of the main modes of the disease transmission. The majority (99%) of the medical students believed that COVID-19 infection could be prevented through social distancing, wearing masks, and the practice of self-hygiene. About 75.6% believed that government measures for prevention are adequate. Steam inhalation, saline gargling, and consumption of vitamin C-rich foodstuffs were the main specific measures adopted. Older age and female gender were found to be associated with better knowledge. Conclusion: Adequate KAP levels among medical students in this study are attributable to the current lockdown and the strict government measures to contain the infection. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-04-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/103 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial1.103 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special1 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- April 2021; 337-342 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/103/101 Copyright (c) 2021 Jacob Davies Kalliath, Anuradha Kizhatil, Brilly M Rose, Ann Mary Kuncheria, Alexander John

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/106 2021-07-13T06:48:37Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evaluating the home isolation of COVID-19 patients in primary care Yılmaz, Zeynep Unus Duman, Sevgi Öztürk, Güzin Zeren Özdemir, Hacı Mustafa Hogan, Gözde Günindi Karataş, Elif COVID-19, Patients, Isolation, Primary Care, Istanbul, Turkey Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of home isolation and medical follow-up by analyzing data collected over the phone from isolated individuals. Methods: A cross-sectional phone-based survey designed to evaluate the home isolated COVID-19 suspected patients at the Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Family Health Center in Istanbul city between 16th  March  5th May 2020.  A semi-structured questionnaire and the universal sampling technique were recruited to collect data about the socio-demographic and the COVID-19 related laboratory and clinical findings. The SPSS for Windows program was used to perform a univariate and bivariate statistical analysis. The Statistical alpha significance level was accepted at less than 0.05. Results: A total of 463 confirmed, probable, or suspected cases of COVID-19 took part in this study with a mean age of 35.38 ∓17.1 (range: 0-86 years). Tow-third 310 (67.0%) underwent the PCR tests, and 67 (21.6%) confirmed positive results. Moreover, one-third (159, 34.3%) exposed to CT scans; however, 51(32.3%) were compatible with COVID-19. The median age of individuals with PCR positive was 38 years. More than half (40, 59.7%) were males, compared to 27 (40.3%) were females. There was no significant relationship between PCR positivity and pandemic period, age, or gender (P = 0.149; P = 0.545; P = 0.285), respectively. Although older individuals had a higher rate of CT scan compatible with COVID-19, the relation between increased age and COVID-19 compatible CT was found not to be statistically significant (P = 0.053). Moreover, there was  significant relationship between CT scan positivity and coughing, the tobacco smoking and diabetes (P = 0.003; P = 0.032; P = 0.016),  respectively. Conclusion: Combining PCR, symptoms, and CT together doubles the likelihood of a correct diagnosis. Quarantined patients must be regularly monitored. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-05-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/106 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss2.106 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021); 357-364 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/106/104 Copyright (c) 2021 Zeynep Unus Yılmaz, Sevgi Duman, Güzin Zeren Öztürk, Hacı Mustafa Özdemir, Gözde Günindi Hogan, Elif Karataş

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/109 2021-07-13T06:48:38Z jidhealth:ART driver

Understanding SARS-CoV-2 features of infectivity, aggressiveness, and transmissibility: an insect-vector theory for SARS-CoV-2 dissemination Lazar, Angela Madalina SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, ADAM-17, COVID-19, Infectivity, Insect Vector, Romania The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a ribonucleic acid–based (RNA-based) lineage B β-coronavirus characterized by 10-20 times higher infectivity and transmissibility even across species than previous coronaviruses. The significant infectivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 is due to its different host cell entry mechanisms that are mainly via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors contrasting earlier coronaviruses that used mainly the endosomal route. Due to the widespread distribution of ACE2 receptors throughout our body, various routes of infectivity are possible, highlighting the necessity of employing multiple forms of protection besides face masks to limit inter-human transmissibility. SARS-CoV-2 exhibits other remarkable features such as the ability to escape the immune system repeated genomic mutations that make it difficult to design a vaccine to address all viral strains and form huge host cell syncytia leading to massive tissue destruction. If we accept SARS-CoV-2 primary reservoir from bats, we should investigate the routes of viral inter-species propagation. In this article, a new theory is proposed- that the dissemination of the virus from the bats to other species and humans could have been possible via an insect vector, as insects possess significant amounts of both ACE2 receptors and a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM-17) enzymes that are essential for virus infectivity. . Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-04-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/109 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial1.109 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special1 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 1- April 2021; 343-347 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/109/102 Copyright (c) 2021 Angela Madalina Lazar

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/119 2021-07-13T06:48:36Z jidhealth:ART driver

A systematic review of tobacco smoking cessation services in Africa: Practices and challenges faced by healthcare workers Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Agwai, Victoria Ifeoma Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Africa, Healthcare Workers, Tobacco, Tobacco Cessation, Tobacco Smokers, Systematic Review Background: Tobacco smoking is a global public health challenge, resulting in an estimated loss of 1.4 trillion United States Dollars (USD), a preventable risk that can be achieved through tobacco cessation services. The study, therefore, aimed to review the most frequently used methods employed by healthcare workers (HCWs) in providing tobacco cessation services and reported challenges in Africa. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using five electronic databases (PubMed, Base, PsychInfo, Google Scholar, and African Journal Online) for published studies on HCW’s practices and challenges on tobacco cessation in Africa. We adopted a three-stage methodology to conduct the study, which identified articles using pre-defined key terms, screened articles to remove duplicates, and excluded irrelevant articles after reading the manuscripts’ titles and abstracts. Results: We reviewed articles and found that 35.0% to 83.0% of HCWs frequently asked their patients to quit smoking. Also, 14.9% of HCWs assisted smoking cessation among their patients, among whom 3.9% prescribed oral depressants and 2.8% prescribed Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). Further, 17.0% of HCWs had guidelines to help patients to cease smoking. Challenges were lack of efficacy and training, lack of system support, low sense of responsibility by some physicians to incorporate the smoking cessation therapy to their patients, lack of attractive educational resources on smoking cessation, limited knowledge on effective intervention strategies, lack of guidelines, lack of specialists for smoking cessation, and unavailability of NRT. Conclusion: Follow-up should be commenced and intensified by HCWs for smoking cessation among tobacco smokers. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-05-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/119 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss2.119 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021); 371-379 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/119/106 Copyright (c) 2021 Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Victoria Ifeoma Agwai, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/120 2021-07-13T06:48:37Z jidhealth:ART driver

Computed tomography assessment of the ethmoid roof based on Keros classification in Iraqi patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery Abdulhadi, Baseem Natheer Shyaa, Ali Ibrahim ALTamimi, Laith Keros Classification, CT Scan, Ethmoid Roof, Lateral Lamella, Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Iraq Background: Among the most popular methods employed to classify the depth of the olfactory fossa is Keros classification. This study aims to assess Keros classification of the ethmoid roof, any possible association between Keros types and gender, and the incidence of asymmetry between right and left sides among Iraqi patients.  Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Shaheed Gazi Al-Hariri Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. The archived reports and the CT scans images (nose and paranasal sinuses) of 126 patients who have undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery between January 2019 and January 2020 were reviewed. Univariate and bivariate statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. The statistically significant was considered at less than 0.05. Results: More than half of patients were females (54.0%) with a mean age of 31.52 ± 11.38 (SD) years (range: 10-57 years). Among the total patients, the mean depth of olfactory fossa (OF) was 3.58 ± 0.02 mm. Results showed that Keros type I was the most common type (71.0%), followed by type II (27.4%) and type III (1.6%) respectively. The difference in the olfactory fossa depth between the right and left sides was ≥ 1 mm in 16 (12.7%) patients and < 1 mm in 110 (87.3%) patients. Moreover, there was no significant relation between symmetry/asymmetry and gender ( p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: Keros type I was the most common type, which carries the lowest risk of inadvertent intracranial injury during endoscopic sinus surgery; besides the relatively low percentage of asymmetry in the depth of the two olfactory fossae among patients, surgeons should always be cautious during surgery to avoid iatrogenic injury concerning the thin lateral lamella of the cribriform plate. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-05-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/120 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss2.120 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021); 365-370 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/120/105 Copyright (c) 2021 Baseem Natheer Abdulhadi, Ali Ibrahim Shyaa, Laith ALTamimi

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/125 2021-07-31T21:12:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors – a realm of confusion in COVID-19 Lazar, Angela Madalina SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Renin-Angiotensin System, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, ACE2, hypertensive medication, safety, Romania Currently, there is a persisting dispute regarding the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) inhibitors' safety of use in COVID-19 pandemics. On one side, RAAS inhibitors appear to determine an overexpression of ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, they could increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its degree of severity. On the other side, the discontinuation of RAAS leads to cardiovascular decompensation and has been discouraged by the major medical societies. Also, large-cohort studies report beneficial or at least neutral effects for the RAAS inhibitors in COVID-19 patients. Worldwide, millions of patients receive RAAS inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension and other important comorbidities. In this context, knowledge of the exact effect of these medications becomes of crucial significance. This paper aims to fill in a gap in the current knowledge and presents a putative mechanism by which RAAS inhibitor administration's beneficial results can be explained better. RAAS inhibitors can be beneficial, as they counteract the excessive detrimental activation of the classical angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) axis, decreasing the angiotensin II levels. The angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) increase the angiotensin II levels, while the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) increase the angiotensin I levels; these substrates will compete with the SARS-CoV-2 for the ACE2 binding, decreasing the viral infectivity. In addition, following the RAAS inhibitors treatment, the up-regulated ACE2 will cleave these substrates (angiotensin I and II), particularly to angiotensin 1-7 that possesses vasodilator, protective effects. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-07-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/125 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial2.125 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special2 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- July 2021; 389-394 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/125/108 Copyright (c) 2021 Angela Madalina Lazar

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/129 2021-09-27T19:18:23Z jidhealth:ART driver

Assumption of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in mucopolysaccharidoses Osipova, Liliya Aleksandrovna Kuzenkova, Lyudmila Mikhailovna Glycosaminoglycan Storage, Heparan Sulfate, Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia, Moskov, Russian Federation Background: Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases, resulted from glycosaminoglycans’ breakdown failure (GAGs). The study aims to determine the presence of thrombocytopenia, its prevalence, clinical implication, and correlation with the types of MPSs and with the types of glycosaminoglycans storage. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of complete blood count data was conducted among 108 children with a confirmed diagnosis of MPS in the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation. STATISTICA 10 (Stat Soft, Inc. 1984-2011) was used for statistical analysis. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The median age of children was 65 [IQR: 41; 102] months, range: 3 – 102 months. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The prevalence of fluctuating or persistent thrombocytopenia in all children with MPS was 19.0%. Thrombocytopenia occurred in patients with MPS I (14.0%), II (19.0%), and III (31.0%). Neither of the patients with MPS IV nor VI demonstrated low platelet count. There was a non-significant predominance (P=0.068) of thrombocytopenia frequency in patients with heparan sulfate storage (22.0%) compared with patients without heparan sulfate burden (0%). Conclusion: Routine checkups of patients with MPSs must include complete blood count with platelet measurement. Cases of thrombocytopenia that requiring treatment, immunomodulatory/ immunosuppressive therapy should be considered. Further research is needed to look for the laboratory confirmation of autoimmune variants of HIT in patients with MPS I, II, III. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-08-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/129 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss3.129 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 3 (2021); 419-422 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/129/112 Copyright (c) 2021 Liliya Aleksandrovna Osipova, Lyudmila Mikhailovna Kuzenkova

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/130 2021-07-31T21:12:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

Prevalence and correlates of geriatric depression in a rural community in Kerala, India Thomas, Ann Mary Susan, Babita Kalliath, Jacob Davies Cherian, Vinu Rose, Brilly M kizhatil, Anuradha John, Alexander Depression, Prevalence, Elderly, Geriatric, Rural, Kerala, India Background: Elderly constitutes a vulnerable group for depression, as they are especially prone to suffer adverse consequences of a depressive episode and have greater rates of completed suicides. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and determinants of geriatric depression.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 250 elderlies from 1st January 2019 to 1st January 2020 in the different rural blocks of Ernakulam district, India. The multistage sampling technique and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) were used to collect the data. A score of 0 9 is considered "normal", 10 19 is labeled as "mildly depressed", and 20 30 as "severely depressed". Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS software. The Chi-square test /Fisher's exact test was used to study the association between the socio-demographic and behavioral variables with depression. Results: The mean age was 69.33 ± 7.41years and male: female ratio was 0.55: 1.The overall prevalence of depression was 52.4%. Advanced age over 70years [OR=2.04;95% CI, 1.227 – 3.394; P=0.006], female gender[OR=2.844;95% CI,1.663-4.865; P =<0.001], lack of gainful employment [OR=3.504; 95% CI, 1.833–6.699; P =<0.001], physical dependence [OR=0.365;95% CI,0.162–0.821; P =0.012], financial dependence [OR=0.388; 95% CI, 0.219–0.687; P =<0.001], presence of medical co morbidities [OR=0.428; 95% CI, 0.212–0.866; P =0.016],poor lifestyle including the lack of regular exercise [OR =2.020; 95% CI,1.174–3.473; P =0.010], addiction to alcohol [OR=4.932;95%CI,1.600-15.208; P =0.004] and addiction to tobacco smoking [OR=2.905;95%CI,1.273-6.628; P =0.009] and poor family support [OR= 5.180;95% CI,716–15.636; P = 0.002] were found to be significantly associated with depression. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among the elderlies was high, and hence early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to reduce its burden in the community. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-07-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/130 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial2.130 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special2 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- July 2021; 395-401 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/130/109 Copyright (c) 2021 Ann Mary Thomas, Babita Susan, Jacob Davies Kalliath, Vinu Cherian, Brilly M Rose, Anuradha kizhatil, Alexander John

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/131 2021-07-31T21:12:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

The perception of biopsychosocial impacts of COVID-19 during lockdown restrictions over time in the UK – a mixed methods study Grimwood, Samuel Stuart, Kaz Browning, Ruth Bidmead, Elaine Winn-Reed, Thea Biopsychosocial, COVID-19, Integrated Care, Place-Based Care, United Kingdom Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted the health of individuals physically, mentally, and socially. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of this impact across the pandemic from a biopsychosocial stance. Methods: A survey created by the research team was employed between November 2020 and February 2021 across social media, relevant organizations, and networks. The survey incorporated 5-time points across the different stages of the pandemic, covering biological, psychological, and social. There were 5 items for each survey (Very Positive affect to Very Negative affect), and analysis was undertaken using SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric Friedman and Wilcoxon Tests, as well as correlations between the three domains, were implemented. Results: This study included 164 participants (77.0% female and 35.0% male) across 24 out of 38 counties in the UK. The impact of COVID-19 on biological domain was significant across the five data points χ2(4) = 63.99, p < 0.001, psychological χ2(4) = 118.939, p <0.001 and socially χ2(4) = 186.43, p <0.001. Between the 5 data points, 4 out of 5 had a negative impact, however between the first stage of lockdown and the easing of restrictions, findings for biological (Z=-2.35, p <0.05), psychological (Z=-6.61, p < 0.001), and socially (Z = -8.61, p <0.001) were positive. Negative correlations between the three domains across the pandemic are apparent, but in later stages, the biological domain had a positive correlation r = 0.52, p < 0.001. Conclusion: The data shows a negative impact from the self-reported perception of wellbeing from a biopsychosocial stance over time, as well as perceiving the three domains to interact negatively. To address these biopsychosocial issues, the research implies a place-based integrated recovery effort is needed, addressing biological, psychological, and social issues simultaneously. Further research should investigate biopsychosocial health among a more generalizable population. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/131 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial2.131 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special2 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- July 2021; 402-414 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/131/110 Copyright (c) 2021 Samuel Grimwood, Kaz Stuart, Ruth Browning, Elaine Bidmead, Thea Winn-Reed

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/133 2021-09-27T19:19:12Z jidhealth:ART driver

Laboratory manifestations of COVID-19 associated with hemostatic abnormalities Elsadig, Ahmed Elhadi Ali, May Mohammed Yousif, Alfatih Aboalbasher COVID-19, Venous thromboembolism, D-Dimer, Thrombocytopenia, Fibrinogen Degradation Products, Oman, Sudan Hemostatic abnormalities had been reported in COVID-19 patients, which may include disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), hypercoagulability, and alterations in platelets parameters. Articles that investigate the alterations of hemostatic abnormalities during the COVID-19 disease (2020-2021) and their predictive value of disease outcome have been thoroughly reviewed. Among the reviewed articles, thrombocytopenia is observed in 5.0-41.7% of COVID-19 patients, which is related to disease severity. Moreover, other platelets parameters, including Platelets/lymphocytes ratio (PLR), Mean platelets volume (MPV), and aggregation, may also be affected. On the other hand, findings of coagulation tests such as D dimer; fibrinogen, Antithrombin (AT), and Fibrin degradation products (FDP) are significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients, while in a single study, most of the patients had positive Lupus anticoagulants (LA) and normal protein C (PC). In the same perspective, these alterations showed significant correlations with disease severity. Overall, hemostatic laboratory markers are significant predictors of COVID-19 disease outcome as indicated by the increased risk of venous and arterial thrombotic events, especially in ICU patients.   Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-08-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/133 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss3.133 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 3 (2021); 423-427 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/133/113 Copyright (c) 2021 Ahmed Elhadi Elsadig, May Mohammed Ali, Alfatih Aboalbasher Yousif

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/138 2021-07-31T21:12:44Z jidhealth:ART driver

Pancytopenia in pregnant patients with COVID-19 infection and vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report study Agarwal, Neha Khatri, Neha Singh, Preeti Pancytopenia, COVID- 19, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pregnancy, Megaloblastic Anemia, India Background: Folate and vitamin B 12 deficiency can lead to pancytopenia in pregnancy. Some cases of pancytopenia due to COVID-19 infection have also been reported. The two cases that we present are related to the coincidence of pregnancy and deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12 with COVID-19 infection. Case presentation: A 26-year- woman G3P1L1A1 and 21-year-woman G2P1L1 presented with pancytopenia and mild COVID-19 infection. The antenatal period was uneventful, and both cases also had folate and vitamin B12 deficiency. They received blood products, folic acid, and vitamin B12 supplementation. COVID- 19 infection was managed well with analgesic and vital monitoring. Postpartum hemorrhage occurred in the second case, which was well managed with uterotonics. All laboratory parameters came out to be normal after three months of supplementation of folic acid and vitamin B12. Conclusion: Pancytopenia in pregnancy due to folate and vitamin B12 deficiency and COVID- 19 infection can be easily managed with timely intensive targeted therapy, but we should be extra vigilant while handling such complicated cases, keeping in mind all possible differential diagnoses for pancytopenia. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/138 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial2.138 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special2 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 2- July 2021; 415-418 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/138/111 Copyright (c) 2021 Neha Agarwal, Neha Khatri, Preeti Singh

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/148 2021-09-27T19:20:51Z jidhealth:ART driver

Nutraceutical management of male infertility-towards new generation therapeutics Ekerin, Olabode K., Calistus Okechukwu Nutraceutical, Infertility, Male, Asthenozoospermia, Dietary Supplements, Nigeria Infertility is one of the most significant public health-related concerns globally. Both male and female factors can cause it. Male factors include poor sperm quality, idiopathic oligospermia, asthenozoospermia, and isolated asthenozoospermia. Many substances, collectively known as nutraceuticals, have been studied for their capacity to enhance hormonal state and sperm parameters through different mechanisms. Nutraceuticals are components in dietary supplements prescribed to prevent or treat a wide range of diseases. This article aims to highlight certain nutrients that can help improve male fertility based on recent advancements in the management of male infertility. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-08-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/148 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss3.148 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 3 (2021); 428-431 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/148/114 Copyright (c) 2021 Olabode Ekerin, Calistus Okechukwu K.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/150 2021-09-27T19:21:35Z jidhealth:ART driver

Social media and the spread of COVID-19 conspiracy theories in Nigeria Gambo, Sarah Shem, Woyopwa Social Media, Conspiracy Theories, COVID-19, Pandemic, Nigeria Background: Amidst the recent outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, there seems to be an avalanche of conspiracy theories that abound on social media platforms, and this subject attracted a lot of research interest. This study aimed to examine the "social media and the spread Covid-19 conspiracy theories in Nigeria" in light of the above.  Methods: The study adopted a qualitative design in order to explore the subject matter thoroughly. Thirty-five participants were conveniently sampled, and interviews were conducted to retrieved data from the participants. Results: Findings of this study revealed that there is a prevalence of conspiracy theories that have saturated social media ever since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. It was also found that ignorance, religious fanaticism, lack of censorship, and insufficient counter information on social media platforms are some of the possible factors that aided the spread of Covid-19 conspiracy theories among Nigerian social media users. Conclusion: This study recommends, among other things, that there is a swift need to curtail the spread of conspiracy theories through consistent dissemination of counter-information by both individuals and agencies like the National Orientation Agency (NOA) and the Nigerian Centre for Disease and Control (NCDC). Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-08-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/150 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss3.150 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 3 (2021); 432-437 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/150/115 Copyright (c) 2021 Sarah Gambo, Woyopwa Shem

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/154 2021-12-15T11:51:53Z jidhealth:ART driver

IVF laboratory management in COVID-19 pandemic Andrabi, Syed Waseem Arora, Puneet Rana Mir, Jaffar COVID-19, Infertility, Response plan, IVF Laboratory, embryology, and Andrology Laboratories, India Background: Since the first report of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), widely known as COVID-19, in late December 2019, it has spread worldwide. The eventual return of new normal has started to happen in most countries where the COVID-19 curve has flattened, and Assisted reproduction technology (ART) services are eventually resuming. Well-organized ART (embryology/andrology) laboratories safeguard the wellbeing of all staff, patients, and their gametes/embryos. Main body: A well-organized pandemic management plan must be implemented in anticipation of possible subsequent COVID-19 waves. Apart from local and national guidelines, some mandatory changes need to be taken into considerations that will allow us to overcome the fear of this deadly pandemic, work smoothly and stop any possible transmission without comprising the quality control for successful treatment. These mandatory changes include conserving different supplies, reducing manpower needs, and various protective measures for non-clinical and clinical staff, patients, and gametes/embryos. Conclusion: The current pandemic of COVID-19 suggests a well-organized action-oriented emergency plan to assure the wellbeing of all stakeholders. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-09-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/154 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial3.154 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special3 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 3- September 2021; 438-442 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/154/116 Copyright (c) 2021 Syed Waseem Andrabi, Puneet Rana Arora, Jaffar Mir

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/156 2021-12-15T11:51:53Z jidhealth:ART driver

Children’s online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: experiences and satisfaction encountered by Indian parents Joseph, Hepsi Bai Kuppuswamy, Sandhiya Shetty, Asha Prabhakar Parental Satisfaction, Experience, Online Class, Covid-19 Pandemic, Lockdown, India Background: Online learning by children is pressure for children as well as parents. The Covid-19 lockdown was ended up putting much stress on parents in India. The current study aimed to assess the parental experience and satisfaction on online learning for their children during Covid -19 pandemic lockdown. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among 300 parents of children who attended online learning during the COVID -19 pandemic lockdown. The data was collected using the snowball sampling technique. The survey tool consists of a sociodemographic questionnaire, self-report scales on parent's satisfaction and experiences. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean, frequency, percentage, and inferential statistics such as the Chi-square test. Results: Out of 300 parents surveyed, 72% were mothers, 65.6% of children who attended online classes were from primary class, through zoom platform (52.2%) using an android mobile phone (71.1%) for a mean duration of 180±30 minutes. 80.4% of parents preferred the traditional learning method comparing to online classes for their children. More than half (52.2%) of parents reported that they were partially satisfied with children's online learning, whereas 26% were not satisfied. More than half of the parents (61.1%) experienced a great challenge and burden of online learning. Conclusion: Parents were worried that prolonged exposure to screen devices in online learning might affect child health's visual, physical, and psychological aspects. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-09-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/156 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial3.156 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special3 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 3- September 2021; 443-449 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/156/117 Copyright (c) 2021 Hepsi Bai Joseph, Sandhiya Kuppuswamy, Asha Prabhakar Shetty

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/157 2021-12-15T11:55:04Z jidhealth:ART driver

Resilience, fear of COVID-19 and their relationship with cognitive functioning and mood: a study on the administrative staff of the University of Western Macedonia, Greece Flora, Katerina Georgiadou, Triantafyllia Megari, Kalliopi Grigoropoulos, Iraklis Chasiotis, Vasilis COVID-19, Resilience, Fear of COVID-19, Mood, Cognitive Functioning, Administrators, Greece Background: The present study examines the relationship between resilience, mood, fear for Covid-19, and cognitive functioning during pandemic Covid-19.  Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021 among the administrative staff of the University of Western Macedonia, Greece. Data was collected using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (DASS 21), fear of Covid-19 scales (FCV-19S), and Cognitive functioning self-assessment scale (CFSS). Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis was performed using an independent Sample T-Test, Chi-Square Test, One-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal-Wallis H Test, Spearman's Rank-Order Correlations, Pearson product-moment correlations, and Simple Linear Regression. SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis and the statistical significance was considered at less than 0.05. Results: Data of 88 university's administrative staff has undergone final analysis. Most of the respondents were females (78.4%), married (61.3%), middle-aged group (64.8%), held a post-graduate degree (56.8%) and 94.3% stated that they had not been sick with Covid-19. Our findings showed that the middle-aged group has statistically significantly higher fear on Covid-19 (P = 0.046), and more care of personal hygiene, stress (P = 0.040), than the young age group respectively. Women had a statistically significantly higher restriction to physical contact compared to men (P = 0.042), however, men had statistically significantly more trusted the results of clinical trials of Covid-19 vaccines than women (P = 0.039), respectively. There was statistically significant and negative correlation between Resilience (CD) and cognitive functioning (r = -0.412, n = 87, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the result of a simple linear regression showed that an increase of one in CD corresponded to a 0.287 decrease in cognitive functioning. Conclusion: It is vital to continue monitoring the psychological and cognitive effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-09-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/157 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial3.157 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special3 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 3- September 2021; 458-565 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/157/119 Copyright (c) 2021 Katerina Flora, Triantafyllia Georgiadou, Kalliopi Megari, Iraklis Grigoropoulos, Vasilis Chasiotis

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/160 2021-12-15T11:55:04Z jidhealth:ART driver

Assessment of COVID-19 pandemic stress among health sciences students in a private university in South-West Nigeria Adedeji, Peter Oluyemi Oyedeji, Aarinola Precious Olaogun, Adenike Ayobola Adedeji, Oluwatosin Adewusi COVID-19 Pandemic, Online Classes, Perceived Stress Level, Private University, Health Sciences Students, Lockdown, Nigeria Background: COVID-19 pandemic has been reported to have psychological effects on various aspects of human life and segments of society. The study aimed to assess COVID-19 pandemic stress during and after lockdown among health sciences students at a private university in South-West, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional web-based research was conducted in a private teaching hospital of a private university using a simple random sampling technique. The study instrument was a self-structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic details and questions adapted from the validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Sheldon Cohen regarding lectures during and after COVID-19 lockdown. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS version 26 software. Results: A total of 220 respondents were included in the study, with a mean age of 22.08±2.996. Most of the respondents were females (157, 71.4%) in their 4th-year level (37%). The participants had a high level of stress during (46.8%) COVID-19 lockdown than after the lockdown (29.1%), and statistical significance was observed between the perceived stress level during and after the COVID-19 lockdown (McNemar-Bowker’s value = 29.322, P =<0.001) at P<0.05. The female gender (B = 2.432, P = 0.03) and the respondents in 3rd year (B = -4.178, P = 0.035) had moderate stress during COVID-19 lockdown at P < 0.05. After the COVID-19 lockdown, the respondents in their 5th year had both moderate (B = -1.73, P = 0.022) and high (B = -2.08, P = 0.026) stress at p<0.05 respectively. The respondents of age groups 17-20 years (B = 3.28, P = 0.04) and 21-24 years (B = 2.93, P = 0.046) also had high stress at P <0.05 after the lockdown. Most respondents suggested reducing online lecture loads and lockdown in school as ways the university can help students cope with stress in case of repeat pandemic outbreaks in the future. Conclusion: This study concludes that the health science students experienced a high level of stress during the COVID-19 lockdown and moderate stress level after the lockdown was eased. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-09-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/160 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.IssSpecial3.160 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special3 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 3- September 2021; 450-457 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/160/118 Copyright (c) 2021 Peter Oluyemi Adedeji, Aarinola Precious Oyedeji, Adenike Ayobola Olaogun, Oluwatosin Adewusi Adedeji

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/164 2021-12-15T11:55:04Z jidhealth:ART driver

Preventive behavior of Opisthorchiasis among people in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand Maleelai, Kaewjai Chaikaew, Sasimaphon Nakham, Aungsumalin Khumkaew, Jinda Preventive Behavior, knowledge, Opisthorchiasis, Cholangiocarcinoma, Thailand Background: Although we are in the era of the 21st-century, some people's lifestyles are still unchanged. People are still eating crude or undercooked fish, which puts them at risk for opisthorchiasis infection. This study aimed to measure knowledge and prevention behavior regarding opisthorchiasis among people resident in Ubon Ratchathani, the northeastern region of Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2nd October 2018 to 26th December 2018. The data was collected via a self-administered household survey using a systematic random sampling technique. Univariate and bivariate analyses such as the chi-square test were performed. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data, and the significance of less than 0.05 was considered. Results: Four hundred and fifteen households have completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were female (50.1%), aged 15-59 years old (75.3%), married (64.8%), had completed elementary school (46.3%), worked in agriculture (31.6%), and had a monthly salary of on average of 6,525 baht. Most of the respondents reported excellent behavior (94.2%) and good knowledge (80.5%) to prevent opisthorchiasis, respectively. However, there was no significant association between participants' characteristics and the related behavior to prevent opisthorchiasis (p>0.05). Conclusion: Despite efforts to educate the community, some people lack preventive knowledge and exhibit behavior associated with a higher risk of opisthorchiasis. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/164 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.164 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021); 566-572 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/164/120 Copyright (c) 2021 Kaewjai Maleelai, Sasimaphon Chaikaew, Aungsumalin Nakham, Jinda Khumkaew

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/168 2022-01-19T17:39:11Z jidhealth:ART driver

Underreporting of treatment outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 infected diabetes patients: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression Saha, Sumanta Saha, Sujata Coronavirus Infection, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Type 2, Systematic Review, Meta Analysis, India Background: Prolonged inpatient care requirements and time constraints of research and researchers lead to the non-reporting of the treatment outcome of certain COVID-19 infected diabetes patients in published manuscripts. This study aims to quantify its global burden.  Methods: A search for citations addressing the above outcome ensued chiefly in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, irrespective of the publication date and geographical region. Recruited studies were critically appraised with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's tool. Using the random-effects meta-analysis with an exact binomial method and Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, the overall and subgroup-wise weighted pooled prevalence of the missing treatment outcome data was determined. The heterogeneity and publication bias assessment utilized I2 and Chi2 statistics, and funnel plot, and Egger's test, respectively. Results: Ten publications (primarily case series; 70.0%) included in this review sourced data from 6687 COVID-19 infected inpatient diabetes patients from Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America. The global pooled prevalence of missing treatment outcome data among these patients was 33.0% (95% CI: 15.0-53.0%; I2: 99.53%; P of Chi2: <0.001). It was highest in Europe (63%; 95% CI: 61.0-66.0%). Publication bias assessment was not suggestive of any small study effect. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of crucial prognosis information of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with diabetes goes underreported. It increases the risk of biasing the contemporary COVID-19-diabetes literature. The reporting of these data in the post-publication era or postponing the primary publication until the availability of all patients' treatment outcome data, when feasible, is recommended to address this enigma. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/168 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.168 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021); 573-580 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/168/121 Copyright (c) 2021 Sumanta Saha, Sujata Saha

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/169 2021-12-15T11:58:10Z jidhealth:ART driver

ACE2 enzymatic role in the SARS-CoV-2 activation: a perspective through the evolutionary promiscuity and substrate diversity of enzymes Lazar, Angela Madalina ACE2, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, enzymatic activity, enzymatic promiscuity, TMPRSS2, ADAM-17, Romania The SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA B type β-coronavirus that distinguishes itself from previous coronaviruses by its high infectivity and mortality rates. The mechanism of viral entry into the host cell via ACE2 is currently under research. Several proteases have been nominated to activate the virus but identifying the exact enzyme/enzymes is missing.   Moreover, recent work suggests that TMPRSS2 cannot be the enzyme to cleave the SARS-CoV-2 spike or that multiple proteases contribute to SARS-CoV-2 activation. The multitude of proteases that have been nominated to activate the virus suggests that the consensual identification of the precise, key enzyme is still missing. In this context, we synthesize the current controversies regarding the putative enzymes involved in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and analyze whether ACE2 could have unexpected enzymatic roles in this process, besides its acknowledged receptor role. We hypothesize that ACE2 plays an enzymatic role as well in SARS-CoV-2 activation. Understanding the exact roles of ACE2 in COVID-19 is capital for the future design of specific, efficient therapies and deserves dedicated research. Our conviction is therefore not "if", “but” "when" will the researchers start to wonder about what is hidden behind the apparent only role of ACE2 as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/169 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.169 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021); 581-587 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/169/122 Copyright (c) 2021 Angela Madalina Lazar

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/172 2021-12-15T11:58:10Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evaluation of chest computed tomography features in COVID-19: a single-center retrospective study Shukla, Akshat Sanjay Shukla, Sanjay Rajendraprasad Daruwala, Feral Ravi COVID-19, Computed Tomography, Lung Disease, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS-Cov-2, India Background: Even though Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is a gold standard for confirming COVID-19, it continues to be plagued by a lack of RT-PCR kits and the potential of false-negative results. Hence, during the second wave of COVID-19 in India, Computed Tomography (CT) scan is an emerging diagnostic tool in evaluating the severity of illness in COVID-19 pneumonia. The present study endeavored to assess chest CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia in Indian population. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study conducted in 300 consecutive adults RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients from 1, Jan 2021 to 31, March 2021 at a private radio diagnostic center.  Data regarding baseline demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics, extent, pattern, and type of abnormal CT findings were noted. Results: The study population (204 males and 108 females) had mean age of 43.18 ± 8.27 years.  Our study's most common clinical presentation was cough (48.1%) and fever (47.1%), respectively. Lung parenchymal abnormalities were found in 294 (94.2%) patients. Abnormal CT findings revealed the involvement of bilateral (45.6%) and multilobar (42.9%) with a predominant peripheral (92.3%) and posterior (80.8%) distribution. According to the type of opacity, Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) was the dominant abnormality found in 270 (91.8%) patients, in which pure GGO (36.7%), GGO with crazy paving pattern (39.8%), and GGO mixed with consolidation (52.0 %) were noted. Peri-lesional or intralesional segmental or subsegmental pulmonary vessel enlargement was found in 192 (65.3 %) patients. Conclusion: During the second wave of COVID-19, a chest CT scan is a modality of choice in diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and related lung parenchymal changes. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/172 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.172 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021); 588-594 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/172/123 Copyright (c) 2021 Akshat Sanjay Shukla, Sanjay Rajendraprasad Shukla, Feral Ravi Daruwala

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/173 2021-12-15T11:58:10Z jidhealth:ART driver

Association between CHA2DS2-VASc score and in-hospital death in ICU patients with COVID-19 Jha, Mukesh Balani, Utkarsh Mukesh Pandey, Vimlesh Balani, Prachi Patel, Vipin Mehta, Abhishek COVID-19, CHA2DS2-VASc, In-Hospital Death, Intensive Care Unit, SARS-CoV-2, India Background: CHA2DS2-VASc score is a scientifically proven risk assessment score for patients with atrial fibrillation. It may be a good predictor of in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between CHA2DS2-VASc score and in-hospital mortality in the prognosis of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID-19. Methods: Eighty-four COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in the ICU were retrospectively analyzed in a tertiary health care center, and the CHA2DS2-VASc score was determined. All analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA, 20.0). A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The median age of patients was 60.0 years, and most were males (75.0%). Findings of the study showed that the CHA2DS2-VASc score was considerably higher among the hospitalized patients than discharged patients (3.08 ± 1.72 vs. 1.38 ± 1.16; p<0.001), and patients who required mechanical ventilation compared to those who did not require mechanical ventilation (3.03 ± 1.68 vs. 1.15 ± 0.97; P <0.001), respectively. Patients with CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥3 had substantially higher age [67(45-87) vs. 58(19-75); P ˂0.001], computed tomography involvement score [67.5(20-90) vs. 35(15-90); P ˂0.001] and need for mechanical ventilation [29(90.6%) vs. 22(42.3%); P ˂0.001]. A significant difference was found in oxygen saturation on admission (P =0.001) between the two groups. In-hospital death was significantly higher among patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥3 (P <0.001). The CHA2DS2-VASc score was positively correlated with white blood cells count (r=0.257, P =0.018) and negatively correlated with the number of days spent in the hospital (r=-0.184, P=0.130) due to higher in-hospital death in ICU patients with COVID-19. Conclusion: CHA2DS2-VASc score may be an effective tool to estimate in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in the ICU. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/173 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.173 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021); 595-600 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/173/124 Copyright (c) 2021 Mukesh Jha, Utkarsh Mukesh Balani, Vimlesh Pandey, Prachi Balani, Vipin Patel, Abhishek Mehta

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/186 2022-03-13T20:13:39Z jidhealth:ART driver

Effect of risk factors on the outcomes of COVID-19-infected intensive care patients: a single-center retrospective study Sapra, Aditya VU, Jagadeeswaran Jha, Shyamal HN, Madhusudana Muzammil, Mohammad Majumdar, Meghna Arya, Jeet Singh Sheoran, Aarti Comorbidities, COVID-19, Mortality Rate, Morbidity Rate, Intensive Care Unit, Risk Factors, India Background: To date, little attention has been paid to the impact of risk factors on the outcome of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study was performed to examine the effects of risk factors on death among COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU.  Methods: From April 2020 to November 2020, data on 141 COVID-19-infected intensive care patients at 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur, were retrospectively retrieved. All analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA, 15.0). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify independent risk factors. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Most of study population were males (69.5%) with mean age of 59.8 ± 17.5 years. Out of 141 patients, 60 (42.6%) patients had comorbidities and 81 (57.4%) patients had no comorbidities. ICU death rates were 46.1%. Bivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (OR:0.45;95%CI:0.21-0.94), diabetes mellitus (OR:2.96; 95%CI:1.16-7.54), coronary artery disease (OR:2.48;95%CI:0.83-7.37), chronic kidney disease (OR:0.13,95% CI:0.02-1.12), patients with one (OR:1.25,95%CI:0.54-2.86) or more than two comorbidities (OR:1.95,95%CI:0.81-4.70), and who required high flow oxygen therapy (OR:13.30,95%CI:5.81-30.43), non-invasive (OR: 0.10,95% CI:0.02-0.45) and invasive ventilators (OR:0.04,95%CI:0.02-0.09) all were associated with higher ICU death rates. Multivariable logistic regression found following independent risk factors for death: patients with one comorbidity (OR:0.10;95%CI:0.02-0.66), non-invasive ventilator (OR:0.005;95%CI:0.000-0.091), and invasive ventilator (OR:0.003;95%CI:0.000-0.032). Conclusion: Identification of risk factors is of utmost importance to reduce death in COVID-19 infected intensive care patients. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-03-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/186 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss1.186 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022); 630-636 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/186/129 http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/186/130 Copyright (c) 2022 Aditya Sapra, Jagadeeswaran VU, Shyamal Jha, Madhusudana HN, Mohammad Muzammil, Meghna Majumdar, Jeet Singh Arya, Aarti Sheoran http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/190 2022-07-14T12:31:14Z jidhealth:ART driver

Multiple irregularities and thrombus in a patient with COVID-19 presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case report Shah, Bhupesh Shah, Harshal Shah, Darshil ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Coronary Angiography, Coronavirus Disease 2019, Multiple Thrombi, Primary Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction, India Background: Multiple thrombi are likely to develop in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Hence, achieving successful outcomes following catheterization becomes quite challenging in such patients. Case presentation: We report a challenging case of a 36-year-old female with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Coronary angiography revealed multiple irregularities in the coronary tree as well as thrombi. Although computed tomography imaging of the thorax was normal, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the diagnosis of COVID-19. The outcome was good TIMI flow after a successful Primary Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction (PAMI), and the patient was isolated and then switched to oral anticoagulants (clopidogrel) for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) therapy.  Conclusion: This case emphasizes the management of a COVID-19 patient for PAMI. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/190 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.190 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special4 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 4- December 2021; 601-603 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/190/125 Copyright (c) 2021 Bhupesh Shah, Harshal Shah, Darshil Shah

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/192 2022-07-14T12:31:14Z jidhealth:ART driver

On revisiting vital signs IoT sensors for COVID-19 and long COVID-19 monitoring: a condensed updated review and future directions Rodrigues, Vinicius Facco Righi, Rodrigo da Rosa Ceschini, Lucas Mayer Bellini, Barbara Canali Locatelli Donida, Bruna da Costa, Cristiano André COVID-19, Vital Signs, Internet of Things, Smart City, Wearables, Smartwatch, Brazil Background: Although the world has been facing the COVID-19 pandemic for over a year, we understand that there are still some challenges in using Internet of Things (IoT) devices as allies in this fight. Among the main difficulties, we can mention the selection of appropriate devices and the correct measurement and subsequent analysis of previously obtained vital signs.  Methods: In this context, we present a condensed compilation of IoT devices to monitor the vital signs often used to monitor COVID-19. We focus on easy-to-use devices currently available on the market to the general user. Also, the presented analysis is helpful for long COVID-19 monitoring, which is particularly useful to governments and hospitals to analyze eventual sequels on those citizens who tested positive beforehand. Results: The review resulted in 148 heterogeneous devices offering different capabilities. Our first contribution resides in detailing several aspects of each IoT device, indicating which are the most suitable for particular use-case situations. Moreover, our article introduces some challenges and insights into assembling a smart city composed of IoT devices. Conclusion: Here, technological trends such as Serverless computing, homomorphic cryptography, Federated Learning, Elixir programming language, Web Assembly, and vertical elasticity are discussed towards enabling vital sign-driven data capturing and processing. Although there are several IoT devices for health monitoring, there is still work to standardize data formats and APIs for data extraction. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/192 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.192 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special4 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 4- December 2021; 604-614 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/192/126 Copyright (c) 2021 Vinicius Facco Rodrigues, Rodrigo da Rosa Righi, Lucas Mayer Ceschini, Barbara Canali Locatelli Bellini, Bruna Donida, Cristiano André da Costa

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/193 2022-07-14T12:31:14Z jidhealth:ART driver

Hyperferritinemia: the link between COVID-19, inflammation, and patient comorbidities Lazar, Angela Madalina Hyperferritinemia, Serum Ferritin, SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19, Metabolic, Cardiovascular; Inflammatory; Diseases, Cancer; Cytokine Storm, Romania Ferritin is a key molecule in iron metabolism, as it stores the iron in a non-toxic form for the cells. Serum ferritin is a parameter that reflects the iron content of the body. However, serum ferritin is also an acute-phase reactant protein, as increased levels of serum ferritin are reported in many diseases associated with inflammation. Hyperferritinemia was also reported in COVID-19 (the coronavirus disease 19) patients, where it is considered an independent prognostic factor for the patients, indicating increased severity of the disease, risk for complications, and death. Certain categories of patients (older, those with comorbidities) have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infectivity and developing more severe forms of COVID-19. Chronic/acute systemic inflammatory states often characterize such preexisting comorbidities. In the current paper, a new pathogenic link is proposed and analyzed: between preexisting hyperferritinemia in the context of patient comorbidities (metabolic, cardiovascular, kidney, inflammatory, autoimmune, cancer) and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and of developing more severe forms of infection. Ferritin per se can be a causal agent in COVID-19, as it can generate and aggravate inflammation and contributes to the development of a severe cytokine storm. A severe, uncontrolled inflammatory state occurs, triggered by the high levels of serum ferritin, preexisting comorbidities, and SARS-CoV-2 infection, cause of lethality in many patients. The inflammatory stimuli can further aggravate the infection by activating ADAM-17 (disintegrin and metalloprotease 17), a key enzyme involved in ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) activation and viral infectivity. In this context, iron chelators and antioxidants could become potential lines of treatment in COVID-19. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/193 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.193 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special4 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 4- December 2021; 615-622 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/193/127 Copyright (c) 2021 Angela Madalina Lazar

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/196 2022-07-14T12:31:14Z jidhealth:ART driver

Predictive accuracy of blood inflammatory markers on COVID-19 mortality Visuddho, Visuddho Subagjo, Agus Setyoningrum, Retno Asih Rosyid, Alfian Nur Covid-19, Infectious Disease, Laboratory,Inflammatory, Marker, Predictive, Indonesia Background: The impact of COVID-19 may be more severe in developing countries. Our study aims to analyze the accuracy of several inflammatory biomarkers in predicting COVID-19 mortality, providing information about the most suitable markers for developing countries. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia, from March to June 2020. White Blood Cells (WBC) count, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Procalcitonin (PCT), D-Dimer, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) have been collected from the electronic medical records. We performed survival analysis to provide the hazard ratio and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to test for accuracy for each parameter. Results: A total of 423 patients who met the criteria for participating had a median age of 54 (IQR 45-61) years. Patients in the death group are characterized by older age and shorter length of hospitalization. The WBC, NLR, PCT, D-Dimer, and CRP are found significantly higher in the death group (P=0.000). The WBC, NLR, PCT, D-Dimer, and CRP have an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.709, 0.773, 0.738, 0.721, and 0.769, respectively moderate accuracy in predicting COVID-19 patient mortality. We found that NLR is significantly more accurate than the age parameter (Z=3.527; P=0.000) but has equal accuracy with other laboratory parameters.  Conclusions: Since NLR obtained the highest accuracy, we still recommend routine complete blood count tests as prognostic biomarkers with the highest feasibility to be performed in developing countries. Journal of Ideas in Health 2021-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/196 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol4.Iss4.196 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 4 No. Special4 (2021): COVID-19 Related Special Issue 4- December 2021; 623-629 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/196/128 Copyright (c) 2021 Visuddho Visuddho, Agus Subagjo, Retno Asih Setyoningrum, Alfian Nur Rosyid

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/202 2022-03-17T21:22:49Z jidhealth:ART driver

Microparticles and D-dimers improve prediction of chemotherapy-associated thrombosis in cancer patients Mohamed, Chekkal Mohamed Nazim , Bennaoum Affaf , Adda Noujoum, Zmouli Nabil , Yafour Abdessamad, Arabi Mohamed , Elhorri Dounia , Badsi Fatima , Seghier Background: The cancer is associated with a state of hypercoagulability, which may be the cause of venous thromboembolism (VTE), representing an undeniable cause of morbidity and mortality. Our study aimed to investigate the role of hypercoagulability markers (D-dimers, microparticles, and V Leiden mutation) in predicting cancer-associated VTE. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among cancer patients who will receive chemotherapy in the Medical Oncology and Hematology departments of the EHU of Oran, Algeria from February 2013 to May 2015, followed by an observation period of two years. First, we evaluated the risk of cancer-related VTE by hypercoagulability parameters (D-dimers, microparticles, V Leiden mutation). In the second step, we tested the predictive value of the Khorana risk score (KRS) of cancer-related VTE. Then, we developed and tested the predictive value of an expanded score based on the addition of predictive biomarkers to the KRS parameters. Results: A total of 165 patients were included in our study whose median age was 62 years. More than half were males (52.7%). After an observation period of 2 years, ten patients (6.0%) developed a VTE. Among the criteria studied, only the D-dimers and the microparticles were predictive of VTE in cancer. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the KRS was 13.6%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 97.9%. After adding two predictive biomarkers (D-dimers and microparticles), the expanded score had a better predictive value with a PPV of 23.5% and a VPN of 98.6%. Conclusion: The addition of hypercoagulability biomarkers (microparticles and D-dimers) to the routine clinical and biological parameters of the KRS enhances the predictive potential of VTE risk in cancer. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-03-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/202 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss1.202 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022); 637-642 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/202/131 Copyright (c) 2022 Chekkal Mohamed, Bennaoum Mohamed Nazim , Adda Affaf , Zmouli Noujoum, Yafour Nabil , Arabi Abdessamad, Elhorri Mohamed , Badsi Dounia , Seghier Fatima http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/206 2022-03-21T08:02:25Z jidhealth:ART driver

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Iraq Abdulhadi Al-Rawi, Ru’ya Background: In the absence of effective treatment, coronavirus disease (Covid-19) poses severe risks to public health. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers. Methods: An online approach was adopted to conduct a cross-sectional study from 1st to 31st October 2020 among Iraqi healthcare workers in Anbar Province, west of Iraq. A semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire was recruited to collect the data. The study tool contains four parts sociodemographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice assessment. Multiple Linear regression was performed to test the association between the dependent and the independent variables. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data, and the statistical significance level was considered at less than 0.05 p-values. Results: A total of 209 health workers were included in this study. Most of the respondents (54.5%) were Doctors (Physician, dentist, and pharmacist), males (60.8%), married (74.2%), aged less than 45 years (53.1%), urban region (64.6%), with a monthly income of USD 400 and above (61.7%) and 75.1% of them perceived their health good. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice level of participants were 14.43 (± 2.01), 27.68 (± 2.74), and 4.33 (± 0.97), respectively. In the regression analysis, doctors (P-value = 0.000) aged 45 years and above (P-value=0.008) and urban residents (P-value=0.007) were significantly associated with upper knowledge scores. Female gender (P-value =0.022) was significantly related to positive attitude scores. While married (P-value = 0.038), those with experience of 10 years and above (P-value=0.041) showed better practice. Conclusion: The level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers in Anbar Province was adequate. However, with the expected new waves of pandemics, the policy of continuous training to update healthcare workers is inevitable to control and prevention of COVID-19. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-03-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/206 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss1.206 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022); 643-648 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/206/132 Copyright (c) 2022 Ru’ya Abdulhadi Al-Rawi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/207 2022-05-13T20:50:39Z jidhealth:ART driver

Why pandemic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) hit different age groups of people in Southeast Asia? a case study in Bangladesh Abdary Anonna, Tasnim Moniruzzaman, Md Hadi Al Nafi Khan, Abdul Hadi Al Nafi Khan Kumar Sarker, Ashis Samanta, Palas Iqbal Naser, Mohammad Ahmed, Shamim Al Asad, Hafiz COVID-19, Age-group, Transmission, Youngsters, Older-age, Immunity, Risk analysis, Bangladesh The new catastrophe of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19s) with unstable symptoms has rapidly pulled danger to all age groups worldwide. We investigate possible causes of the different nature and demography of COVID-19. We collected and used secondary data from the IEDCR website and “Worldometer” from 1st April to 24th June for the statistical analyses, including multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDM), topsis, advanced topsis, simple additive weighting (SAW) and weighting product method (WPM) and PCA. The total number of known COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh was 122,709 as of 24th June. Radical growth will be found with 4912 cases in one day on 16th July as per the time-series forecasting. The infection rate among the young (<30) was highest, i.e., 37.8%, while the elderly (>60) had the maximum death rate (≈39%). Both of India and Bangladesh, approximately one-third of total COVID-19 cases belong to the under 30 age group. Preliminary observation finds India and Bangladesh have a high risk for young people and the working class. PCA indicates the highest positive association among the youths and the highest negative association among the older. In this study, older age (>60) individuals are in danger with the fifth rank, and the young and working-age people are at comparatively lower risk with a third to the fourth rank in terms of infection rate as indicated by MCDM. 41-50 age group remains at lower risk with the first rank in all cases. The nature of activities of younger people and the poor immunity system of older people are the reason for the non-homogenous attitude toward the coronavirus among different age groups. In Bangladesh, drug addiction, gambling habits, uncontrolled lifestyle, and social obliquity have led the youth through danger, threatening the older age of family and society. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-05-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/207 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss2.207 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022); 655-663 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/207/134 Copyright (c) 2022 Tasnim Abdary Anonna, Md Moniruzzaman, Abdul Hadi Al Nafi Khan Hadi Al Nafi Khan, Ashis Kumar Sarker, Palas Samanta, Mohammad Iqbal Naser, Shamim Ahmed, Hafiz Al Asad http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/209 2022-03-23T18:48:45Z jidhealth:ART driver

What textual copying does not count as plagiarism? Elaborate examples and problem-solving Abdulhamid Katib, Atif Bakr Kalo, Bakr Hamza Motair, Nadir Plagiarism, Common Knowledge, Paraphrasing, Creative Commons, Public Domain, Saudi Arabia Scientists are motivated to publish original and high-quality articles. The only right way to accomplish that is through a long and daunting academic career. Sometimes illegal shortcuts and tortuous methods are attempted by some people. Bolstered with elaborate examples and problem-solving, this treatise explains the legal ways of textual copying and proper referencing techniques. Moreover, it teaches how to steer away from copyright violations. In addition, it warns off all forms of literary theft and the catastrophic consequences of research misconduct. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-03-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/209 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss1.209 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022); 649-654 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/209/133 Copyright (c) 2022 Atif Abdulhamid Katib, Bakr Bakr Kalo, Nadir Hamza Motair http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/213 2022-05-14T00:52:05Z jidhealth:ART driver

Evaluation of biochemical parameters in acute myocardial infarction and angina patients Karpay, Soujanya Sarada, C.V. Kondu, Deepthi Pavuluri, Pratyusha Gadepalli, Ramesh Naresh, Bandaru Biomarkers, Diagnosis, Myocardial Infarction; Stable Angina, India Background: Early and accurate detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important unmet clinical requirement. The present study sought to evaluate the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), fasting lipid profile, random blood sugar, and serum creatinine in AMI patients compared to angina patients. Methods: In a single-center, hospital-based, cross-sectional, observational, prospective study conducted at Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, from October-2018 to September-2019. A total of 150 patients aged above 40 years with acute chest pain (within 2-6 hours) and who were clinically susceptive of AMI and angina were investigated. The patients were divided into group I (50 AMI patients) and group II (100 angina patients). Levels of all biochemical parameters of blood were assessed. The statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical software, version 15. A student t-test was used to compare the continuous variables between the two groups. Results: Out of 150 patients, higher male prevalence was found in both the groups (60% and 63%, respectively). Group I had higher levels of NTproBNP (2909±273pg/ml vs. 110±20.74pg/ml, P<0.01), cTnI (2.06±1.3ng/ml vs. 0.006±0.002ng/ml, P<0.01), and fasting lipid profile (total cholesterol:216±41.2mg/dl vs.201±32.5mg/dl, P<0.05, triglycerides:217.7±63.6 mg/dl vs. 175.3±48.8 mg/dl, P<0.01, low-density lipoprotein:141.7mg/dl±41.5 vs. 127.1±30.24 mg/dl, P<0.05, very low-density lipoprotein:43.4±12.8mg/dl vs. 35.1±9.8mg/dl, P<0.01) than group II, except low levels of high-density lipoprotein (31.2±3.83mg/dl vs. 38.9±4.32 mg/dl, P<0.01). Conclusion: Assessment of NTproBNP, cTnI, and fasting lipid profile may aid in the early diagnosis of AMI and its management. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-05-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/213 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss2.213 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022); 664-668 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/213/135 Copyright (c) 2022 Soujanya Karpay, C.V. Sarada, Deepthi Kondu, Pratyusha Pavuluri, Ramesh Gadepalli, Bandaru Naresh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/215 2022-06-10T23:03:29Z jidhealth:ART driver

Prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in Diyala province, Iraq Dawod Salman, Ansam Abbas Ali, Iman Haseeb Hwaid , Asmaa Background: Occult HBV infection (OBI) is the absence of hepatitis surface antigens (HBsAg) that is not apparent during detection by serological tests despite the presence of virus DNA. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of OBI infection among various populations in Diyala province, Iraq. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January to 30th September, 2021, at Ibn Sina Dialysis Center, Baquba Teaching Hospital, Iraq. Three hundred and sixty participants were equally involved (90 individuals for each) from the dialysis department, the thalassemia department, blood bank donation Centre, and the control group. Study populations were screened for HBV Ag, HBV c IgG, HBV c IgM, abusing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, and detecting HB core gene. Demographic data of the study group were recorded. Descriptive analysis was done using SPSS Version 25, and the P-value was considered significant wherever it was below 0.05. Results: The positivity rate of serological markers of OBI among the study population was (6.7%) of the participants were HBs Ag positive. Whereas 22 (6.1%) were anti-HBc IgG positive and 3 (0.8%) were anti-HBc IgM positive. The detection rates of the PCR products of 76 participants after amplification using specific primers for (core-gene) have been presented to the gel electrophoresis, which showed none of the 76 participants were positive for the HBc gene. Conclusion: The current study showed a medium percentage of anti-HBc IgG in the serum of the study groups without the presence of HBs Ag, which indicates the presence of a previous infection that was resolved or the occurrence of occult hepatitis B infection. The current study results also showed that the serum of any of the study groups was not positive for the core gene, which confirms the possibility of infection with OBI. Journal of Ideas in Health 2022-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/215 10.47108/jidhealth.Vol5.Iss2.215 Journal of Ideas in Health; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022); 685-692 2645-9248 0000-0000 en http://www.jidhealth.com/index.php/jidhealth/article/view/215/139 Copyright (c) 2022 Ansam Dawod Salman, Iman Abbas Ali, Asmaa Haseeb Hwaid http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 e0e88861a157ef48c7fa616512bab499